First trimester of pregnancy: what happens to the female body? Main dangers. First trimester of pregnancy: what is possible, what is not? School of the expectant mother What is the 1st trimester during pregnancy

It is widely believed that it is imperative to take vitamins for pregnant women in the 1st trimester, because a growing child needs a lot of useful substances for full formation and development. This information has long been perceived as an unconditional truth. However, are vitamins so harmless?

A pregnant woman needs an increased intake of nutrients into the body, since the baby takes most of the trace elements and minerals. To make up for the deficiency, you need to take vitamins. It is desirable to ensure their intake from food. But it is not always possible to establish good nutrition. In this article, we will tell you which vitamins are necessary and how to choose the “right” vitamin complexes.

If we take into account the recommendations of the World Health Organization, the question of whether vitamins are needed for the first trimester of pregnancy can have two radically different answers. The question of the need to take multivitamin complexes is decided individually in each case, based on data on the state of health, the results of laboratory tests, as well as on the usefulness of the diet of a pregnant woman.

With insufficient intake of nutrients from the food of the expectant mother, you should enrich your daily diet with fresh vegetables and fruits, meat and dairy products, or start using vitamin preparations.

There are such minerals and vitamins for pregnant women that absolutely everyone needs in the 1st trimester:

The rest of the vitamins should be taken only as directed by a doctor.

What is the body's need for additional vitamins during this period?

During the bearing of a child, serious changes occur in the body of a woman. The formation and growth of the fetus requires significant costs from the mother's body. To replenish resources, it is necessary to ensure the intake of nutrients from food. In the absence of good nutrition, it is recommended to take vitamins and mineral complexes for pregnant women in the first trimester, which will maintain the condition of the woman and take part in laying the baby's organs.

In order to understand what is the need for vitamins during the period of bearing a child, you need to remember some facts:

Regardless of whether there is an intake of nutrients into the female body from the outside, the fetus will still take the amount of vitamins that it needs, using maternal reserves.
The child receives trace elements not from food, but from the organs and tissues of the mother.
With a lack of vitamins, it is the woman who begins to have health problems - teeth are destroyed due to a lack of calcium, fragility of blood vessels occurs with hypovitaminosis C, skin elasticity decreases if there is not enough vitamin E.

Therefore, the use of vitamins is necessary first of all for a pregnant woman, and it is desirable that they come from food.

What can't be done without

Any expectant mother who cares not only about her health, but also about the normal development of the baby, is interested in what vitamins they drink in the first trimester of pregnancy and whether they should be taken at such an early stage. Consider the best vitamins for pregnant women, which doctors advise to use after the onset of conception.

Iodine

Since iodine is heavily excreted from the body during pregnancy, it should be supplied from outside. Its deficiency causes pathologies of intrauterine development of the baby. Iodine is required for the formation of the thyroid gland, and also serves as a means of preventing cretinism that occurs when there is a deficiency of thyroid hormones.

Vitamin E

Thanks to the action of vitamin E, the metabolism in the body of a pregnant woman is normalized. This substance allows you to save pregnancy and reduces the likelihood, in addition, it takes part in the formation.

Doctors recommend drinking vitamin E, along with folic acid, as it is involved in the normal development of the child. At the planning stage, tocopherol allows you to regulate menstruation, and also improves the functioning of the entire reproductive system.

Vitamin A

Taking vitamin A in the first trimester of pregnancy should be strictly prescribed by a doctor, since exceeding the permissible dosage can do more harm than good. In a normal and controlled amount, vitamin A takes part in the formation of the visual analyzer, and also provides skin elasticity.

It is best to get this substance from food than from drugs, however, when using it, it is important to remember that the presence of fats is required for its absorption, since the vitamin belongs to the fat-soluble group.

Folic acid

Perhaps this is the most important vitamin that you should definitely take in the first trimester of pregnancy. B9 plays an important role in the formation of the neural tube of the fetus, participates in hematopoiesis and allows the full laying of the internal organs of the unborn baby to occur.

Obstetrician-gynecologists advise drinking folic acid not only from the first days after conception, but also at the family stage. Moreover, vitamin B9 will be useful not only for the female body, but also for.

A lack of folic acid can lead to the following consequences:

difficulties with maintaining pregnancy;
congenital disorders;
mental retardation;
developmental pathology of the brain and spinal cord.

Vitamin C

The lack of this vitamin in the early period of bearing a child leads to a decrease in the immunity of the mother, which poses a threat to the development of the fetus. It also increases the elasticity of the vascular wall and protects it from fragility.

Vitamin D

Other vitamins

In some situations, in the first trimester of pregnancy, it is recommended to drink a course of B vitamins, as well as minerals such as iron, magnesium, manganese, potassium, sodium and chromium. However, such a decision should be made only by a doctor if it is necessary to strengthen the mother's body and create favorable conditions for the formation of the organ systems of the unborn baby.

Overview of the most popular vitamins

There is a list of the best vitamins for pregnant women. The choice is based on the correctness of the composition specifically for expectant mothers, as well as on the positive feedback from patients.

Popular multivitamins for pregnant women:

Elevit Pronatal. The complex contains 12 vitamins and 7 minerals. It contains folic acid and iron in the required concentration, so you do not need to take them additionally. However, iodine is absent in the composition. Multivitamins are recommended for pregnant and lactating mothers. More about the drug
Alphabet for pregnant women. The drug is presented in the form of colored tablets, the color of which depends on the content of a particular element. The complex contains vitamins, as well as iodine, iron and calcium compounds.
Materna. Contains 10 vitamins. In addition to them, the drug contains folic acid and iodine in a concentration that covers the daily requirement of the body of a pregnant woman in these trace elements.
Pregnacare. The complex includes 11 vitamins and 5 trace elements, including folic acid and iron. However, the iron content is not enough, so it should be taken separately, like iodine, which is not included in the composition.

It is difficult to decide on the best vitamins for pregnant women in the 1st trimester, because the choice depends not only on the composition, the price also plays an important role. Listen to your doctor's advice and choose the remedies that he recommends to you.

What foods contain vitamins necessary for the first trimester of pregnancy

With good nutrition, you can replenish the daily intake of vitamins without the use of additional drugs.

What vitamins do foods contain:

vitamin A - butter, liver, egg yolk, carrots, spinach, green onions;
vitamin C - rose hips, cranberries, currants, citrus fruits, sea buckthorn;
vitamin D - chicken eggs, cottage cheese, cheese, seafood, butter;
vitamin E - nuts, cereals, legumes, sunflower seeds, broccoli, spinach;
vitamin B 1 - liver, wheat bran, oatmeal;
vitamin B 2 - white cabbage, peas, almonds, tomatoes, beans, veal, liver, egg yolk;
vitamin B 6 - bananas, pork, carrots, wheat bran, beans, cabbage;
vitamin B 12 - dairy products, liver, chicken eggs, greens.

Dosage and instructions

A woman should receive the following amount of vitamins in the first trimester of pregnancy:

vitamin A - 800 mcg;
vitamin C - 70 mg;
vitamin E - 10 mg;
vitamin D - 10 mg;
vitamin K - 65 mcg;
vitamin B 1 - 1.5 mg;
riboflavin (B 2) - 1.6 mg;
pyridoxine (B 6) - 2.2 mg;
cyanocobalamin (B 12) - 2.2 mcg;
folic acid - 400 mcg.

Vitamins needed in the first trimester of pregnancy should be taken according to the instructions in compliance with the recommended dose once or twice a day throughout the course.

Is there a danger in taking vitamins in the first trimester of pregnancy?

Very well , if useful substances enter the body of the expectant mother from food, since the use of multivitamin complexes at an early stage of pregnancy is not always justified, and in some cases may pose some danger. If there is a need to drink vitamins, then carefully read the composition before buying and give preference to products of well-known pharmaceutical companies, so you will reduce the likelihood of impurities of various substances in preparations.

The entire period of pregnancy is usually divided into three approximately equal periods of time, which are called trimesters. It is counted from the first day of the last menstruation to 12 weeks (during this period, fertilization occurs - the fusion of the egg and sperm and the formation of the organs of the fetus and placenta). The second trimester lasts from 13 to 28 weeks (at this time there is an active growth and development of the fetus). From 29 weeks until the moment of delivery, the third trimester of pregnancy begins (the period of 28 weeks is the border between the second and third trimesters, because the fetus born after 28 weeks of pregnancy, with appropriate treatment and nursing, is capable of further growth and development outside the mother's body).

It should be noted that the calculation of the obstetric gestational age, which is set in the antenatal clinic, with ultrasound and when calculating the expected date of birth, is usually carried out not from the moment when conception occurred, but from the first day of the last menstruation. The embryonic gestational age is also distinguished, the calculation of which is carried out from the moment of conception (as a rule, it is two weeks less than the obstetric one). Calculating the obstetric period is more convenient, because it is rather difficult to determine the exact date of conception, and the expectant mother can almost always tell the date of the first day of the last menstruation.

embryo development

The life span of an egg in anticipation of fertilization is 24 hours, and the viability of spermatozoa is 3-5 days. If, after the release of a mature egg from the ovary (which happens, as a rule, in the middle of the menstrual cycle), it meets and merges with the sperm, fertilization occurs, resulting in the formation of a unicellular embryo - a zygote, which gives rise to a complex process of laying all organs and systems future child.

A day after fertilization, which occurs in the ampullary (expanded) section of the fallopian tube, the embryo begins its journey to the place of permanent "dislocation" - into the uterine cavity, while not stopping to divide continuously.

From 4 days in the embryo, consisting of a group of cells similar to a raspberry (at this stage of development it is called a morula), the process of embryogenesis begins - the laying of all organs and tissues. 5-7 days after fertilization, having reached the uterine cavity, the embryo, which during this period is in the blastocyst stage and consists of approximately 200 cells, begins the process of penetration into the uterine mucosa - implantation, which occurs on the 21-24th day of the menstrual cycle. In the process of implantation, continuously dividing cells of the embryo secrete special enzymes that melt a section of the mucous membrane of the uterus - the endometrium, and penetrate inside. After implantation, the smallest blood vessels of the outer part of the blastocyst and the endometrium merge, through which the life support of the embryo begins (until the moment of implantation, it was fed from its own reserves, which are significantly depleted by the time they enter the uterine cavity). In the future, the chorion is formed from these vessels, and then the placenta, which is the most important organ that provides nutrition and growth of the fetus.

The dividing cells of the embryo form 3 sheets, which give rise to certain organs and tissues. The outer leaf gives rise to the development of skin, hair and nails, teeth, epithelium of the ears, eyes and nose, and the nervous system. From the middle leaf, a chord is formed - the basis of the future spine, skeletal muscles, cartilage, internal organs, blood vessels, sex glands. From the cells of the inner leaf, the epithelium of the respiratory and digestive systems, the liver and pancreas will be formed.

After implantation is completed, the outer cells of the embryo (trophoblast) begin to synthesize the hormone - human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which, spreading with blood flow throughout the body of the future mother, gives a signal for hormonal restructuring of its organs and systems in connection with the onset of pregnancy. Thus, from the 10th day after fertilization (which corresponds to the 24th day of the menstrual cycle), hCG, by which one can judge the presence of pregnancy, begins to be determined in the blood and a little later in the urine of the pregnant woman.

By the end of the first month of pregnancy (at 4 weeks), the embryo looks like a tube, at one end of which there is a thickening - the future head of the child, at the other end - the coccyx rudiment. The heart begins to form, while still having a single-chamber structure, the nervous system (21 days after conception, the laying of the brain and spinal cord occurs). At week 4, the rudiments of internal organs, eye sockets, and limbs are formed. The size of the embryo by the end of the first month is about 1.5 mm.

In the second month of pregnancy (at 5–8 weeks), the embryo looks like a “comma” due to the large size of the head, which makes up more than one third of the body, and still not very developed limbs. During this period, there is a process of rapid growth (its rate reaches 2–3 mm per day!), Amniotic fluid begins to be produced, in which the unborn child spends the entire period of intrauterine existence, through which the metabolism of the fetus is carried out and which performs protective (shock-absorbing) function. On the head of the embryo there are 4 depressions where eyes and ears are formed. The central nervous system is actively developing: the layers of the cerebral hemispheres are being laid. By the end of the second month of pregnancy, a tiny heart begins to contract in the embryo (this can be seen with ultrasound), the kidneys begin to function, there is a nose and mouth on the small face, fingers form on the limbs, which are still tight with membranes, the muscles acquire the ability to contract. By the end of the second month of pregnancy, the growth of the embryo reaches 2.5 cm.

By the beginning of the 3rd month of pregnancy (9–12 weeks), the period of laying human organs ends - the embryonic period, the embryo acquires a characteristic human appearance, therefore, after 8 weeks of development (or 45 days after fertilization) it is already called a fetus: the so-called fruiting period begins development.

Within 3 months, the baby continues to actively grow and develop: the heart already has a four-chamber structure, like in an adult, facial features become clearer, the stomach and intestines are formed, limbs and fingers are fully formed, on which tiny marigolds grow, convolutions are formed in the brain and furrows. Muscles are actively working, due to which the fetus moves its arms and legs (but due to its too small size, the expectant mother cannot yet feel these movements), the fetus can also clench and unclench its fists, open and close its mouth. The cartilaginous tissue that makes up the skeleton of the fetus begins to harden at the so-called ossification points. The skin of the unborn child at this stage is very thin, blood vessels shine through it, due to which the skin has a red color. The growth of the fetus by the end of the third month of pregnancy is already 9-10 cm, weight - 13-14 g.

1st trimester: a woman's feelings

During the 1st trimester of pregnancy, the body of the expectant mother is actively rebuilding to a new mode of operation (the volume of circulating blood gradually increases, the heart, lungs and kidneys begin to work in an enhanced mode, etc.), in which everything is aimed at bearing and developing the fetus. In this regard, even in healthy pregnant women, changes are often observed both in the physiological and psychological spheres of life. It must be remembered that these changes are temporary and are signs of a restructuring of the hormonal background, which is necessary for the normal growth and development of the unborn baby.

General well-being. So, at a time when you still may not know that a new life has arisen inside you, you may feel general weakness, fatigue, constant drowsiness, absent-mindedness, forgetfulness, inability to concentrate on any important matter, periodically occurring dizziness. These symptoms are one of the earliest signs of pregnancy and are associated with the effect of the hormone progesterone (which begins to be produced by the ovary from the moment of fertilization) on vascular tone. The vessels of the uterus and small pelvis during pregnancy expand significantly, which is necessary for relaxation of the uterus and good blood supply to the fetus. Due to the fact that the vessels of the future mother's body are in an expanded state and a large amount of blood accumulates in the pelvic organs, a decrease in blood pressure is often noted in a pregnant woman in the first trimester, the symptoms of which are weakness, drowsiness and other listed ailments.

Psycho-emotional sphere. The first trimester of pregnancy is characterized by sudden mood swings, instability of psycho-emotional reactions, which can be manifested by excessive touchiness, the appearance of tears for no apparent reason, and reactions to ordinary stimuli that are uncharacteristic for this woman. These changes can have varying degrees of severity, as well as different durations: for some, the phenomena of emotional lability (as specialists call these manifestations) disappear after a few weeks from the onset of pregnancy, and for some women they are observed during the entire first trimester or even the entire pregnancy, which depends on the initial characteristics of the character, reaction and relationships of the people around the future mother. Sudden mood swings are caused by the processes of significant hormonal changes during pregnancy.

Change in appetite. During the first trimester of pregnancy, many women experience changes in appetite as well as a pronounced preference for certain foods. Some pregnant women notice a sharp decrease in appetite, especially in the morning, which may be associated with early toxicosis, while others recall a constant irrepressible desire to eat during the first months of pregnancy. Someone has an irresistible desire to eat something sweet or salty, others have an aversion to the taste or smell of any food. In some cases, the food habits of pregnant women take on exotic forms: expectant mothers feel like eating chalk, sand, etc. If you are irresistibly drawn to eat something harmful (for example, pickles or smoked meats, tangerines or strawberries), it is advisable to choose an analogue that brings benefits the body of the expectant mother and growing baby. So, pickles can be replaced with crackers or nuts, sweets - with dried fruits or muesli bars, soda - with freshly squeezed juices or natural fruit drinks.

Metamorphoses of eating behavior can be associated with a deficiency in the expectant mother of precisely those substances that she lacks for the growth and development of the fetus (protein, calcium, iron, phosphorus, certain trace elements), so the body insistently requires exactly the missing components, showing this by changing taste preferences . Therefore, if you notice a craving for unusual foods or completely inedible things, you need to inform the doctor who is observing your pregnancy so that he can identify the lack of which substances is associated with a change in taste preferences and give the necessary recommendations to replenish them.

As a result of hormonal changes in the body of a woman during pregnancy, there is an aversion to the taste and even the smell of any products (most often meat and fish). In such cases, you should not overpower yourself, as you can always find an alternative - for example, if you cannot look at meat, then dairy products, legumes, etc. can be an excellent source of protein.Remember that all these "pregnancy fads" are transient , and as the pregnancy progresses, everything will gradually fall into place.

Condition of the skin and mammary glands. In addition to changes in mood and appetite, the expectant mother in the first trimester of pregnancy may also experience external changes that may affect the skin, as well as the condition of the mammary glands. Since the mammary glands are hormone-dependent organs, under the influence of hormonal changes that occur in connection with pregnancy, women from the first weeks of pregnancy may notice a feeling of fullness (engorgement), tingling, discomfort and even soreness in the chest area. Any, even light touch to the mammary glands can cause discomfort. As a rule, they spontaneously pass by the end of the first - the beginning of the second month of pregnancy. In the area of the areola (peripapillary circle) of the mammary glands, under the influence of estrogen hormones, pigmentation increases, which increases throughout the entire period of bearing the baby.

At the 3rd month of pregnancy, there may be an increase in the volume of the mammary glands and nipples, which is due to the active growth of glandular tissue to prepare the breast for lactation. If breast growth occurs very quickly, stretch marks may appear on the skin - striae; at first they are red, and over time they turn pale. Stretch marks are skin tears that are replaced by connective tissue as a result of the fact that the skin does not have time to adapt to such a rapid increase in breast volume. The possibility of the appearance of stretch marks is due to the individual characteristics of the structure of the skin of the expectant mother. Unfortunately, stretch marks cannot be completely removed, but over time they will become significantly less noticeable.

It is possible to take measures in advance against the appearance of stretch marks, and then they will either not appear at all, or will be minimally expressed. To avoid the appearance of stretch marks, it is necessary to clearly monitor the dynamics of weight gain, avoiding its sharp jumps and large gains in a short period of time (normally, a pregnant woman adds 300–400 g per week). Particular attention should be paid to skin care during pregnancy, since today there is a wide range of special products for the prevention of the appearance of stretch marks on the skin of the chest, abdomen and thighs. It is necessary to apply creams for the prevention of stretch marks containing nutrients, vitamins, collagen after a warm shower 1-2 times a day, which helps to moisturize the skin and increase its elasticity.

As pregnancy progresses, under the influence of estrogen on the skin of the face, in some cases, pigmentation of the skin in the facial area - forehead, cheeks, chin, upper lip - may increase. The risk group for the appearance of hyperpigmentation includes brunettes, women with dark skin. Also, expectant mothers who spend a lot of time in the open sun have a risk of increased pigmentation. As a rule, pigmentation disappears on its own after childbirth, but in rare cases, to one degree or another, it can persist for a long time.

You might be interested in the article "1st trimester: I'm pregnant, what should I do?" on the site mamaexpert.ru

Possible Complications

early toxicosis. The very first complication that a pregnant woman may encounter is undoubtedly early toxicosis. Most often, it is manifested by nausea, especially disturbing a woman in the morning, and vomiting, which in severe cases can occur up to several dozen times a day. More rare symptoms of early toxicosis are salivation (in this case, the amount of saliva secreted can reach a liter or more per day), dermatoses (skin manifestations, most often in the form of itching), etc. The mechanism of early toxicosis is not completely clear, but it has been established that the development of this complication of pregnancy is due to violations of the regulatory influence of the central nervous system on changes in the organs and systems of the woman's body in connection with pregnancy. If early toxicosis occurs in a mild form (vomiting occurs no more than 3-5 times a day, the general condition of the pregnant woman is not significantly disturbed), then the treatment is carried out on an outpatient basis.

In case of early toxicosis, fractional meals are recommended: to make you feel better, you can have breakfast immediately after waking up, without getting out of bed, you need to eat often - after 2-3 hours, in small portions. It is important to normalize the daily regimen (sufficient sleep, exclude work at night, etc.), the creation of a therapeutic and protective regime - protection from any stressful situations, obtaining the maximum amount of positive emotions. Early toxicosis of medium (vomiting up to 10-12 times a day, signs of dehydration of the body appear) and severe (vomiting 20 or more times a day, severe dehydration of the body) are to be treated in a hospital.

Threat of abortion. The second most common complication that can develop during the first trimester is the threat of spontaneous miscarriage. This fact is due to the fact that during this period of pregnancy, when processes of active growth and development of the fetus and placenta take place, there is an increased sensitivity to damaging factors, under the influence of which abortion can occur, the death of the embryo or the occurrence of fetal malformation. Such periods, when the fetus is especially vulnerable to the effects of damaging factors, are called critical periods of pregnancy.

In the 1st trimester, the number of critical periods is maximum: the first such period is the moment of implantation of the ovum (the first 2–3 weeks of pregnancy), the next is the period of organogenesis (3–7 weeks, when the tissues and organs of the fetus are laid) and placentation (9–12 weeks pregnancy, when the placenta is actively forming). That is, in fact, almost the entire first trimester of pregnancy is a critical period. Adverse factors that can have a negative impact on the course of pregnancy are harmful environmental conditions (high temperature, radiation, vibration, hypoxia, etc.), infection, hormonal disorders, taking medications that are contraindicated for pregnant women, stress and overwork, and well as physical overload.

Signs of threatened miscarriage are:

feeling of "heaviness" in the lower abdomen;
aching, pulling pains (similar in nature to premenstrual);
bloody discharge from the genital tract of any intensity (from scanty spotting to abundant).

If the above symptoms appear, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible. In the presence of only pulling pains in the lower abdomen, treatment is started on an outpatient basis. If there is no effect from such treatment or spotting appears, the expectant mother is hospitalized for treatment and observation in a hospital.

Rules of behavior

From the moment pregnancy is established, a number of simple rules must be observed, thanks to which complications can be avoided:

It is necessary to adjust your daily routine in such a way as to ensure sufficient sleep (at least 8 hours at night), as well as leave 1-2 hours for walks in the fresh air. Often, pregnant women in the first trimester experience a pronounced need for daytime sleep, which is due to the influence of hormones, so it is desirable to provide the opportunity to sleep during the day for 1-2 hours.
Physical activity should be within the usual, everyday. However, as a precaution, it is necessary to exclude weight lifting, sudden jumps, loads associated with tension in the abdominal muscles, strength training.
You need to protect yourself as much as possible from adverse factors that can harm you and your unborn baby: avoid stressful situations, work on night shifts, refrain from being in a smoky room and, moreover, do not smoke yourself, completely eliminate the use of alcoholic beverages.
Minimize the chance of contact with people with colds, especially if the first months of pregnancy fall during periods of seasonal fluctuations in the incidence.
It is recommended to take vitamin complexes for pregnant women: they contain the optimal doses of vitamins and trace elements necessary for normal growth and development of the fetus. Of particular importance is the intake of folic acid in the first trimester of pregnancy. This substance plays a special role in the early stages of pregnancy (up to 12 weeks), as it participates in the process of active cell division, laying and development of organs and tissues of the embryo. It has been proven that with a lack of folic acid intake during pregnancy, malformations of the nervous system of the fetus are formed, leading to spontaneous miscarriages or the birth of sick children. Folic acid can be taken both as part of vitamin complexes for pregnant women, and separately, the gynecologist will recommend the required dose to you.

To ensure the successful course of pregnancy, it is necessary to register with the antenatal clinic. The optimal period for this is 8-10 weeks, since the examination in the first trimester in order to detect comorbidities early and their timely treatment are the key to the birth of a healthy child. When registering, a number of standard mandatory examinations are carried out, which will allow a comprehensive assessment of the health of the expectant mother. Upon registration, healthy pregnant women will be assigned blood tests - general and biochemical, blood clotting (coagulogram), urinalysis, testing for syphilis and HIV, hepatitis B and C, infections that can provoke the formation of fetal malformations (cytomegalovirus, rubella , herpes, toxoplasmosis). Electrocardiography (ECG) will also be performed, consultations of doctors - a general practitioner, dentist, ophthalmologist, ENT specialist - will be held.
At a period of 10-12 weeks, to detect an increased risk of genetic abnormalities and fetal malformations, biochemical screening is carried out - the so-called "double" test - a blood test for chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A).

If the future mother has any chronic diseases, the volume of examination and consultations of narrow specialists will increase depending on the type of pathology.

At 11-12 weeks of pregnancy, the first ultrasound is also prescribed, the purpose of which is to establish the fact of the presence of a uterine pregnancy and the viability of the fetus, determine the duration of pregnancy, and identify pathologies in the development of the fetus. It must be remembered that ultrasound must be done exactly at the time recommended by the gynecologist leading your pregnancy. The fact is that some symptoms that indicate trouble in the development of the baby are informative only at clearly defined terms of pregnancy.

An example is the size of the collar zone of the fetus, an increase in which may signal the risk of developing Down syndrome. But this symptom is informative only up to 12 weeks of pregnancy. Given that the diagnosis of genetic disorders of fetal development is still quite difficult today, it becomes clear that it is necessary to strictly adhere to the terms of additional studies in the first trimester of pregnancy.

If you have opened this article, then you are a happy woman who wears a small creature under her heart. - this is a very important, exciting and full of unique and new sensations period, which doctors divide into three stages, calling them trimesters. Of course, every pregnant woman is interested in questions: what lies ahead for her, what is possible and what is not possible in the first trimester, which changes in the body are normal and which are not. In this article, we will try to answer most of these questions.

Characteristics

Just note that two identical pregnancies do not happen. So it will be different for every woman. Judge for yourself - not all women experience even such a clear sign as the absence of menstruation.

From this moment, the cells of the embryo already synthesize human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which, spreading through the blood throughout the body, starts the hormonal restructuring of the body.
After that, the placenta begins to form around the embryo - the organ responsible for the growth, development, and safety of the baby.

cell, embryo, fetus

Immediately after fertilization, the egg turns into a single-celled embryo, which begins to grow continuously. After 1 month, it will already look like a small tube, from one end of which the head will develop, from the other - the coccyx.

In a month, the embryo will look like a squiggle with a large head. From this moment on, its growth rate increases, and it begins to grow at a rate of 0.3 cm per day. So, in the period from the seventh to the eighth week, its growth doubles.

During this period, the formation of the heart, which has one chamber, the liver, brain, and digestive tract ends.

By the end of the trimester, the embryo will be mature. He will form all the organs and systems that will grow and develop in subsequent trimesters, as well as facial features and fingers. Its dimensions are 5-6 cm. He is already starting to learn with his hands and feet. Starting from the eighth week of the obstetric period, the embryo is called a fetus, because it already looks like a little man. The development of the placenta is also fully completed, and it is fully functional.

How does mom feel about it?

Rarely, when changes in the body do not make themselves felt, and a woman does not feel them. At least one of the following problems affects every pregnant woman for sure.

Many are familiar with, perhaps, one of the most unpleasant symptoms of pregnancy -. This is a collective name for such manifestations as nausea, aversion to food. Toxicosis is experienced by 60 to 80% of pregnant women.

It can be mild, or it can keep a woman from getting out of bed for weeks or even months. Its duration is also different, sometimes it can go to the beginning of the second semester.

The cause of toxicosis is the restructuring of the hormonal system. As soon as it returns to normal, nausea will cease to annoy the pregnant woman.
If toxicosis is very annoying, then you need to contact a gynecologist who will tell you how to alleviate the condition. Acute toxicosis requires observation of a pregnant woman in a hospital.

pain

Due to the rapid growth of the uterus and stretching of its walls, increased blood circulation in it, displacement of the pelvic organs, pulling below can be observed.

Pain similar to menstruation, a woman may experience at the very beginning of pregnancy - they are one of the characteristic symptoms of pregnancy.

Sometimes pain in the lower abdomen can be observed with toxicosis. So the upset intestines will make itself felt. All of the above pains are easily relieved by lying down or taking a warm bath and are not a threat to either the mother or the baby.

Important! You should immediately seek medical help if the pain is accompanied by profuse bloody discharge, vomiting, fever, give in, sacrum, leg, increase, do not go away for a long time. In this case, pregnancy can be suspected.

In addition, during this period, the expectant mother may be disturbed by pain in the mammary glands associated with their growth and enlargement; in the head, provoked by hormonal changes, stress.

In this trimester, weight gain will still be insignificant, in many women it will even be very faintly noticeable. However, the breasts will already be filled. Appetite may also increase or you will want to eat any one food.

However, one should not lean on everything that the soul desires in the first weeks of pregnancy, you need to know that in order for it to pass comfortably and end without problems, you need to gain a maximum of 12-14 kg for the entire period.

Therefore, it is better to refrain from those foods that can give a big increase in, and not eat up at night. When registering in a antenatal clinic, you should ask what products are necessary for a woman and what pregnant women should not eat in the first trimester.

Thrush

Another unpleasant companion of the onset of pregnancy is, which is characterized by symptoms such as abundant white curdled discharge from the vagina, burning.

It appears due to a sharp decrease in the immunity of a pregnant woman and hormonal changes. Thrush must be treated. When contacting a gynecologist, he will prescribe special suppositories that will not bring harm, but will allow the expectant mother to get rid of her tormenting condition.

Constipation and indigestion

Often, pregnant women in the initial stages complain about problems that have arisen or, conversely, about frequent ones. Such problems appear due to changes in the intestinal microflora. After establishing a normal diet, they should leave.

Frequent urination

Frequent urination to the toilet will accompany the pregnant woman throughout the entire period. This condition is associated with the growth of the uterus, which begins to put pressure on other organs, and on the bladder in particular.

General well-being

The general well-being of a pregnant woman may be accompanied by such manifestations of the body:

weakness;
drowsiness;
fast fatigue;
apathy;
tearfulness;
irritability;
sharp mood swings.

Features of nutrition in the first trimester

Having learned about pregnancy, the expectant mother should seriously review her diet and take a responsible approach to the choice of products. Remember that whatever you eat goes to your baby. Therefore, try to protect it from chemical additives, dyes, preservatives, etc.

The diet of the expectant mother

The gynecologist, who will monitor the course of pregnancy, will give practical advice to the pregnant woman about the preparation of the daily menu.

Without exception, all the recommendations say that a woman "in position" must necessarily consume vegetables, meat, cereals, dairy and sour-milk products, eggs, vegetable oil, wholemeal bread.
To avoid excessive weight gain and at the same time not limit the child in proteins, fats and carbohydrates, it is necessary to give preference to nutritious food, eat often, but in small portions.

In the first half of pregnancy, you need to eat at least four times a day, in the future, the number of meals can be increased to five or six.

There are a number of products that are strictly contraindicated for pregnant women. These include:

semi-finished products;
pickles;
smoked meats;
canned food;
mayonnaise;
spicy dishes;
spices;
alcohol.

Please note that not all greens and herbs are useful for pregnant women. There is a whole list of plants that have an abortive effect. Their use by women carrying a baby is strictly prohibited.
Less should be lean on flour, fried and fatty, limit the use of salt. Remember that once you feed your baby, it can be difficult for you to give birth.

However, one should not go to extremes - sit down on or not eat for days on end. Eating right, you will never gain extra pounds.

Important! Improper nutrition can lead to serious consequences, up to the loss of a child or his birth with a low weight.

We want to warn against willful purchases at the pharmacy. They should be advised only by a gynecologist. Usually, pregnant women are prescribed drugs, or complex ones for pregnant women.

Physical activity and gymnastics

If the gynecologist has not identified contraindications, then a pregnant woman can and even needs to keep her body in good shape with the help of morning, water aerobics,. Experienced instructors will select a number of exercises that are suitable for a woman "in position" and will not carry a risk for pregnancy.

It is important to know that if any movement is uncomfortable for you during this period, then it should be abandoned, no matter how useful it is. Also, you do not need to do exercises that involve the stomach, with holding your breath, sudden movements, jumps, body turns, weight lifting.

Useful in the pool, exercise on, do stretching exercises, strengthen muscles.

Did you know? The uterus is the only organ in the human body that can greatly increase and then shrink back to its previous size. During pregnancy, its size increases on average from 7 to 40 cm, volume - from 10 ml to 5 liters, and weight - from 0.5 kg to 1-1.5 kg.

Proper physical activity will both improve the general well-being of a woman and help to cope with toxicosis and depression.
Physical exercise is contraindicated if a pregnant woman has:

stomach ache;
chronic diseases of the heart, kidneys;
acute toxicosis;
infections and inflammation;
temperature rise;
threat of interruption;
history of premature
bearing multiple babies.

Women carrying a child are useful for long (at least two hours a day) walking, climbing stairs.

Are love affairs possible?

Many women, and even men, are interested in the question in the first trimester of pregnancy: is it possible and what positions will not harm the child. We hasten to reassure future parents: if the gynecologist does not identify contraindications and there is no threat, then you can and should make love.

However, positions in which the penis penetrates deeply into the vagina, as well as hard sex, should be abandoned. Love pleasures should also be avoided on days when a woman had previously begun.
Also, the couple needs to know that during this period, a woman may experience a decrease in libido. But this state of affairs will not last long.

What tests await mom

In the first trimester, a responsible expectant mother must register with the antenatal clinic. When setting up in her name, an exchange card will be entered, in which the results of all examinations and studies, as well as complaints of the pregnant woman, will be recorded in the future.

The first tests are given after the first visit to the gynecologist. To find out the state of the woman's body, the doctor will write directions to:

general blood analysis;
general urine analysis;
blood chemistry;

The ultrasound doctor must confirm the presence of an embryo in the uterus, examine the uterus, placenta, pelvic organs and assess their condition, set the due date and calculate the date of birth.

In addition, he measures the cervico-collar zone of the fetus, the dimensions of which in this period make it possible to determine the presence of possible anomalies in the development of the child.

The most common causes of miscarriages are:

genetic disorders;
hormonal abnormalities;
problems with the immune system;
the presence of an IPP;
infections and diseases of the internal organs of the mother;
in the past;
taking medications or herbs;
stress;
Unhealthy Lifestyle;
lifting heavy;
the fall.

Causes of an ectopic pregnancy can be:

infectious diseases of the pelvic organs;
surgical interventions in the abdominal cavity;
abnormal pregnancy in the past;
staging .

They feel uncomfortable, feel bad. However, you need to understand that this state is temporary. And with competent advice from a gynecologist and your own efforts in the form of rational, regular exercise, walking in the fresh air, avoiding stressful situations, these weeks will fly by quickly.

During this period, the main thing is to get used to your new position and take a responsible approach to your body and spirit, on the condition of which the life of another person directly depends.

With the onset of pregnancy, a lot of different emotions and experiences fall upon a woman. For some, this is a long-awaited event, for others - unexpected. In any case, the origin of life is a real miracle. Let's figure out how the beginning of gestation proceeds. Important moments of embryo development from conception to 13 weeks. Changes in the body, well-being, behavior of a woman. Possible risks and complications.

Specifics of the first trimester

The first trimester of pregnancy is considered from the beginning of the fertilization of the egg and the formation of the zygote until the 13th week. Doctors start counting from the date of the first day of the last menstruation. The new cell is provided with a set of chromosomes that stores the genetic information of the parents. At the same moment, the gender of the unborn child is laid: the male is identified by the Y chromosome, in its absence, the female sex develops.

Then the zygote divides, while moving towards the uterus, where it joins its wall. At the site of attachment, the placenta will begin to form - an important organ that provides protective functions for the fetus. After that, the foundations of the organs are laid in the embryo. First formed:

neural tube;
heart;
reproductive system.

After that, the brain, face, limbs develop, fingers and toes separate. Internal organs, circulatory system, skeleton, joints are formed. From the 8th week of development, the embryo is called a fetus. By the end of the first trimester, the baby begins to move, but the mother does not feel it yet, because the baby is too small. Its weight is 7-15 grams, length - 50-60 mm.

The first trimester of pregnancy is considered the most important stage in the development of a new life, since the main organs and systems are laid. The life and full health of the unborn child will depend on how the fetal body is formed in this period.

Conception and the beginning of fetal development

Conception consists of the following stages:

Fertilization. The moment of the fusion of the male sperm and the female egg. Lasts 1-2 days.
The formation of a zygote takes 26-30 hours.
Crushing takes about 3 days.
Implantation of the zygote to the wall of the uterus.
Embryo development.

The second and third stages are characterized by the continuous movement of the egg through the fallopian tubes to the uterus. A corpus luteum is formed in the ovary, which performs protective functions until the placenta has matured.

During ejaculation, most of the spermatozoa die in the acidic environment of the vagina, others are not able to pass the cervical mucus and only the most mobile and strong reach the goal - the egg.

In the first trimester of pregnancy, the fetus makes a huge leap in development: from a small cell it turns into a formed little man.

Changes in the body, well-being, mood of a woman in the first trimester of pregnancy

Many women do not even notice that they are pregnant for the first 2-3 weeks. Meanwhile, the corpus luteum is already actively producing the hormone progesterone, which is responsible for the development and preservation of the fetus. The hormone affects not only the reproductive function of a woman, but also the entire body. Namely:

slightly suppresses the immune system so that fetal rejection does not occur;
contributes to the increase and swelling of the mammary glands;
affects the metabolism;
relaxes the muscles of the intestinal tract.

The body of a woman in the first trimester of pregnancy adapts to a new state. The volume of blood increases, all internal organs work in an enhanced mode. Hormonal changes also affect the well-being of the expectant mother. Most likely, you will have to experience increased fatigue, irritability, apathy, drowsiness, mood swings. A frequent companion of the onset of gestation is toxicosis. Every woman goes through it differently. Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite - can be manifested both in a mild form and in a severe one, requiring hospitalization.

The first trimester is characterized by changes in food preferences: increased appetite, thirst, desire to eat dishes that have not been eaten before, combine incompatible foods, etc. The gastrointestinal tract will begin to work more slowly and malfunctioning. Diarrhea or constipation may occur.
To weaken the signs of toxicosis, you need to review the diet, walk in the fresh air, positively tune in to pregnancy

The psycho-emotional state is characterized by instability. A woman becomes more emotional, vulnerable, touchy, tearful.

Registration in the antenatal clinic: tests, examinations, specialists

Ideally, you need to register with the antenatal clinic after establishing the fact of pregnancy. If a mother appears at the appointment before 12 weeks, then she is entitled to a one-time allowance in the amount of 628.47 rubles. (since 02/01/2018). The advantages of early registration include the possibility of timely diagnosis of pregnancy, the detection of pathologies and the adoption of measures to preserve the child.

As a rule, only registration takes place in the first trimester of pregnancy. Up to 28 weeks, a woman is invited to visit a gynecologist once a month. If there were no preparatory measures for conception, then at the first appearance, the doctor prescribes examinations and visits to narrow specialists. Of the mandatory tests, you must pass:

general blood, urine;
smear from the vagina;
biochemistry;
coagulogram (for clotting);
blood for HIV, hepatitis B and C, PW, group, TORCH infection.

At a period of 11–14 weeks, the first ultrasound and a blood test for biochemical markers are performed. It is very important to carry out all studies on time, since a certain scheme for identifying pathologies in a particular period has been laid down. If performed earlier or later, the results of screenings will be uninformative. If necessary, a consultation with a geneticist and additional examinations. Of the required specialists you need to pass:

therapist;
dentist
Laura;
oculist.

Therapist and dentist pass the first time when registering, then in the II and III trimesters. Laura and the optometrist visit once if there are no abnormalities. In the presence of diseases, the appropriate doctor prescribes treatment. Desirable are visits to the endocrinologist, geneticist, as well as other specialized specialists for whom there are violations or complaints.

What drugs are prescribed before conception and in the first trimester

The diet of the average woman in Russia is extremely poor. During pregnancy, especially in the early stages, the body needs a large supply of vitamins and nutrients. Even at the planning stage, doctors recommend taking folic acid (B9), vitamin E, A, and iodine.

Vitamin B9 protects the fetus from possible neural tube defects, E is needed for the placenta, A is needed for bone tissues and visual organs, iodine is important for the development of the thyroid gland. B vitamins help relieve the symptoms of toxicosis. If necessary, preparations of calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, etc. can be prescribed.

Best of all, useful substances are absorbed from natural products, so it is important to enrich the diet with appropriate dishes. But if the doctor considers it necessary to prescribe synthetic drugs, then you should not neglect the advice. Some foods contain too small a dose of vitamins, and it is not possible to eat the right amount.

The main dangers and risks of the first trimester

The entire first trimester of gestation is a critical period, as connections are established between the mother, placenta and fetus. Early term is a difficult, responsible and dangerous phase in development. Unhealthy diet, alcohol and tobacco abuse, medication, stress and other points can negatively affect the course of pregnancy. The main risks of the first trimester are:

early toxicosis;
spontaneous miscarriage;
ectopic development of pregnancy;
freezing of the fetus;
bubble drift.

The manifestations of toxicosis in each woman occur differently, but it is observed in 50% of pregnant women. From mild nausea in the morning to vomiting about 20 times a day. If the well-being of the future mother does not suffer much, vomiting up to 3-5 times a day, then this condition is treated on an outpatient basis. In this case, a woman is recommended to have proper fractional nutrition every 2–3 hours, adjusting the daily routine (enough sleep, eliminating cases of working at night, etc.), avoiding nervous tension, and positive emotions.
Toxicosis of moderate and severe degree is fraught with dehydration of the body and requires therapy in a hospital setting.

Spontaneous termination ends 15-20% of established cases of pregnancy. If we take into account that a miscarriage often occurs at a period of 2-3 weeks, when a woman may not know about the fact of conception, then the percentage will be much higher. The main symptoms of interruption are brown or bloody discharge from the vagina of varying intensity and cramping pains in the lower abdomen. Medicine has identified the following main causes of pathology:

chromosomal disorders;
anomalies in the development of the fetus;
hormonal changes;
infections;
unfavorable environment and others.

An ectopic pregnancy is characterized by the development of the fetus not in the uterus, but in the tube. Pathology occurs in 2% of cases and is extremely dangerous for the health and life of the mother. An ectopic is characterized by bleeding from the genital tract of varying intensity, acute unilateral pain on the right or left of the lower abdomen. The most severe complication - rupture of the tube leads to death if surgical care is not provided in time.

Frozen pregnancy is a small percentage, because in some cases it is the cause of miscarriage. Sometimes a woman is asymptomatic for some time. The fact of fetal death is diagnosed by ultrasound, with the help of a blood test for hCG and other tests.

Cystic drift - a pathology that occurs in about 1% of women, is characterized by the fertilization of a defective egg without the presence of chromosomes. The development of the fetus does not occur, and the chorionic villi grow in the form of bubbles. It is more common in adolescence and in women after 35, 40 years. Pathology is diagnosed by ultrasound. Treatment - surgical.

Drugs to reduce the chance of early pregnancy termination

Often miscarriage is characterized by a lack of the hormone - progesterone. In modern medical practice, there are two drugs for the treatment of threatened interruption:

Duphaston;
Utrozhestan.

Only a gynecologist is able to prescribe the optimal treatment regimen for abortion. Based on the individual clinical picture of gestation, the doctor may recommend the drug up to 16-22 weeks. After the IVF procedure, a medication is also prescribed until the 20th week of pregnancy. Both drugs must be taken continuously. If missed pills are allowed, spotting and miscarriage may begin. Cancellation of the drug occurs gradually. If a decrease in dosage is accompanied by spotting, then the doctor returns the previous treatment regimen.
In each case, only a gynecologist is able to determine which of the drugs Dufaston or Utrozhestan will be effective.

Between my second and third births, I miscarried at 8-9 weeks. This pregnancy was initially accompanied by a risk of miscarriage. The gynecologist prescribed Duphaston on a tablet in the morning and in the evening. I did not discuss the details of taking the drug with the doctor, so when the pills ran out, and at the same time the money, I did not take the medication for several days. The result was severe bleeding with the inability to save the child. As it turned out later, taking such drugs should not be missed a day. After that, the gynecologist forbade pregnancy for at least a year and prescribed hormonal drugs for therapeutic purposes. Unfortunately, sometimes experience comes at a high price. A year and a half later, I became pregnant again and again the threat. History repeated itself, with the exception that the appointed Duphaston was taken clearly on schedule without gaps until the 22nd week. The pregnancy ended with the birth of a healthy baby girl.

To reduce the risk of complications in early pregnancy, you need to follow simple rules:

Adjust your daily routine. Night sleep should be at least 8 hours. If possible, it is useful to organize a daytime rest of 1-2 hours. Introduce daily outdoor walks for at least an hour.
Optimal physical activity. It is better to eliminate strength exercises, running, jumping, lifting weights, rocking the press.
Remove heavy fatty, fried foods, spices, alcohol, soda and other harmful foods from the menu. Meals should be organized on the principles of balance, correctness, usefulness. Take vitamin complexes as directed by your doctor.
Be especially careful during the season of colds and infections. Do not visit crowded places. Banal SARS or acute respiratory infections can unpredictably affect the course of pregnancy, up to the death of the fetus.
Adhere to a stable psycho-emotional state, avoid stress. Try to experience more positive feelings, do what you love.
In the sexual sphere, adhere to a reasonable approach. If the threat of interruption is diagnosed, then sexual intercourse is prohibited. In cases of a healthy pregnancy, it should be borne in mind that the female genital organs during this period are very sensitive to infections and damage. When abstinence is not possible, then the nature of lovemaking should be changed to calmer ones with careful observance of the rules of hygiene.

Video: I trimester of pregnancy

The health and full life of the child depends on how a woman prepares for pregnancy and spends it at the beginning. The early period is characterized by the formation of important organs and systems. Any adverse factors can harm the unborn baby and complicate the period of pregnancy and childbirth. Timely registration in the antenatal clinic, the implementation of medical recommendations, a healthy lifestyle are the basis for joyful motherhood.

The first days of pregnancy are considered the most dangerous for the embryo, because the small organism has just attached itself to the walls of the uterus and it will have to withstand various shocks.

It is still small, but it is developing at a rapid pace. If there are no contraindications or any complications during pregnancy in the 1st trimester, a woman can, as usual, lead her own lifestyle. But at the same time to exclude all kinds of load, do not lift heavy objects, give up outdoor activities, sports.

Many women lead a sports lifestyle, then become pregnant and do not know what to do next. Doctors are allowed to continue to lead a sports lifestyle, only to reduce the intensity of classes. In particular, give up exercises for the press.

But for each case, everything is individual.

The first trimester of pregnancy is the period of formation of the internal organs and systems of a little man, so the expectant mother should eat properly natural, fortified foods

During this period, the formation of tissues and organs occurs. Therefore, a woman should eat well. Thus, it will ensure the full development of the baby. Proper nutrition does not provide much, it is only about healthy products. it meat and fish, vegetables and fruits, cereals.

At an early stage, doctors attribute to taking folic acid. Vitamins are not yet required, in the body of the expectant mother there are already enough of them. But folic acid is a good prevention of disorders related to the development of the nervous system in a child.
The woman gets tired quickly, constantly wants to sleep, her physical activity is at a low level.

These are the first signs that she is pregnant in the 1st trimester. How to lead a lifestyle, and what daily routine should be, the doctor will tell her. All these and other signs that accompany pregnancy indicate a change in hormonal levels. This is a natural reaction, so the female body creates the conditions for the fetus to be at rest. A woman should constantly listen to her body, and if he wants to sleep, then you need to lie down and rest.

At night she should rest at least 8 hours , a afternoon can be distinguished for sleep 2 hours .

What is possible and what lifestyle to lead in the 1st trimester of pregnancy

The first 12 weeks are very important for the development of the fetus, so doctors give recommendations on what is possible for a pregnant woman and what is not. During pregnancy it is necessary for the first 3 months, try to protect the baby in the tummy from any negative influences . This applies to everything around.

But, despite the existing threat, there are pleasant moments:

healthy eating. For the development of the fetus to go well, the mother should eat only healthy and nutritious foods - meat, fruits and vegetables, cereals . All that is good for the health of the child, products without dyes and preservatives .
On the relaxation it is better to leave by car, if you have to fly by plane, you should consult your doctor on this occasion. Only a doctor will tell you what can affect pregnancy in the 1st trimester, how to lead a lifestyle in order to avoid negative effects on your body.
Doctors recommend young mothers to always think positively, tune in to positive emotions, which is very important during pregnancy in the 1st trimester. You can treat yourself walks and hobbies. For mom, now is such a period that she can do anything. It is desirable to walk where the air is clean, away from roads and noisy places. If it is not possible to go out of town, you can take a walk, for example, in the park.
If there are contraindications to sexual activity, you need to talk with your partner more often, explain to him all the nuances. According to experts, communication helps maintain and maintain intimacy between spouses, even if it is not possible to have an active sex life. Sexologists say that sex during pregnancy has a positive effect on the condition of a woman, therefore, if there are no contraindications, sexual life should not be limited.
If the pregnancy is proceeding normally, and before the expectant mother was engaged sports, fitness , went to dancing then she can continue to do so.

It is important to remember that load intensity it is better to reduce, and it will be correct consult a doctor.

Prohibitions in early pregnancy

Sports activities during pregnancy are allowed, provided that there are no contraindications and only after consulting a doctor

When a woman is pregnant in the 1st trimester, the attending physician will tell you how to lead a lifestyle and what not to do. Because the condition of the child depends on the behavior and lifestyle of the pregnant woman. Therefore there is things to be strictly avoided:

Don't lift heavy things.
Avoid hot baths.
Do not go outside without outerwear.
Avoid stress. The expectant mother is under the influence of hormones, so every 3 minutes her mood can change. It will be difficult for a partner to come to terms with such behavior. Parents should understand that severe stress will affect the future development of their child.
If there are prohibitions from the doctor, give up sexual activity for a while. As a rule, pregnancy in the 1st trimester sets some restrictions in the sexual life. Partners should treat each other carefully, with tenderness and care. At the beginning of pregnancy, there is a risk of complications. Therefore, it is necessary to wait at least 3 months, and then sex will no longer be so dangerous for the development of the child.
You can not drink alcohol, smoke and eat products that contain preservatives. In addition, it is recommended to avoid eating very fatty and fried foods so as not to cause an upset digestive system.
Try to take care of yourself. Surrounding worries and anxieties should not be placed on your shoulders. A bad mood should not interfere with the normal development of the baby.
You should protect your body from harmful substances as much as possible. It is better to refrain from dyeing your hair and other cosmetic procedures. Do not use chemicals or dyes that contain toxic products. Since the effect of a solarium is not fully understood, doctors recommend avoiding this procedure, if possible, abandon it.
You can not take medicines, even the weakest for the female body. They can have a strong influence on the development of the fetus.

Enough folic acid and multivitamins.

Useful tips for a future mother during pregnancy in the 1st trimester

Try to get more rest. You can listen to soothing music to relax and focus on your breathing. Take a comfortable position, inhale deeply and exhale slowly. At this time, imagine how peace and grace come around. Even better, if a loved one is present at such relaxing sessions. For your soul mate, this will be an interesting process, he will be able to understand the condition of the pregnant woman, and perhaps help in some way.

Many mothers like to drink coffee in the morning, as they believe that this is a good drink that invigorates. But the expectant mother should think about what coffee can hurt, so it's important reduce its consumption to a minimum.

You can drink 1 cup a day of very weak coffee, but rather take a closer look at chicory. It is much healthier and tastes like coffee. In addition, coffee helps fight drowsiness. This is a natural condition in which a woman feels weak and constantly wants to sleep. But these are normal signs that accompany pregnancy in the 1st trimester. No matter how much you want to lead your normal life, for the sake of the baby you will have to make sacrifices.

As for sleep, rest is recommended not only at night but also during the day in a well ventilated area, preferably outdoors. It is necessary to visit the trees more often, not to run, but to walk on foot. This will improve blood circulation, and swelling will not occur.

Good sleep and rest (both at night and during the day) is very important in all trimesters of pregnancy.

Due to the unstable psychological state, it is important for a pregnant woman avoid stress. Try to look at everything from a positive side, a young mother and baby need positive emotions along with nutrients and vitamins.

If suddenly appeared bloody issues, do not sound the alarm and worry too much. Important go to bed immediately and stay in bed until the doctor arrives. You should know that such discharges in women are quite common, but as a rule, everything ends favorably for both mother and child.

Take care of yourself and be healthy!

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