Apply the mixture as a sedative for neurasthenia, neuroses, increased irritability.
Compound:
Kalii bromidum 6.45 3% - 100
Adonisidum 5.0 x - 215 x = 6.45
Tinctura Leonuri 10.0
Aqua purificata ad 200.0
Vtot. = 215ml
Material for analysis:
Titrant - 0.1 N AgNO3 solution
Indicator - bromophenol blue (BPS)
Reagents - tartaric acid, silver nitrate solution AgNO3; diluted acetic acid; sodium acetate CH3COONa
Dishes - penicillin flasks, Mohr pipettes 1 ml, 2 ml; test tubes.
Glass stick
Slides
When analyzing this dosage form, I carried out the following types of control:
Organoleptic control(held necessarily according to Order No. 214 of 16.07.97 "On quality control of medicines manufactured in pharmacy organizations"): it is a dark brown transparent liquid, a peculiar smell, slightly bitter taste.
Physical control:(held selectively according to Order No. 214 "On quality control of medicines manufactured in pharmacies"):
Calculate deviations in total by order No. 305 of 16.10.97 "On the norms of deviations permissible in the preparation of medicines and packaging of industrial products in pharmacies"
215 - 100% x = ± 2.15
X ± 1
Qualitative analysis:
1) to 10 drops of Lf solution, add 1 ml of tartaric acid solution, 1 ml of sodium acetate solution and cool by rubbing against the walls of the test tube with a glass rod. A white crystalline precipitate gradually forms.
K + COOH + CH 3 COONa → COOK ↓ + H +
2) add 1-2 drops of silver nitrate solution to 1-2 drops of solution on a glass slide, a yellowish precipitate is formed, which is slightly soluble in ammonia solution.
KBr + AgNO3 → AgBr ↓ + KNO3
Quantitative analysis:
Argentometry. Faience method. The medium is slightly acidic (due to organic acids contained in the motherwort tincture), the indicator is bromophenol blue BPS.
KBr + AgNO3 → AgBr ↓ + KNO3
We make the necessary calculations:
E = M.m = 119.01
T = N * MM / 1000
T = 0.1n. * 119.01 / 1000 = 0.011901g / ml
T = 0.011901 g / ml
X - 1ml x = 0.03
We calculate the approximate volume of titrant that will be consumed for titration:
V = A / T = 0.03 / 0.011901 = 2.52 ml (does not fit into the limit from 0.5 to 2 ml). Therefore, the aliquot must be taken two times less.
a / 2 = 1ml / 2 = 0.5 ml(let's take it for analysis), therefore, the titrant will take half as much as 2.25: 2 = 1.13 ml.
Methodology : to 0.5 ml of LF solution add 2-3 drops of the BFS indicator, dropwise diluted acetic acid until a greenish-yellow color and titrate with 0.1N. silver nitrate solution until the precipitate is blue-violet.
Analysis took 1.28 ml 0.1 n. AgNO3 solution. We substitute this result into the formula for calculating the bromide content in the dosage form:
X (KBr) = = 6.55g.
P is the volume of the dosage form, ml
K - correction factor
T - titer, g / ml
We calculate deviations in the content of potassium, bromide in the dosage form (Order No. 305 of 10/16/97 "On the norms of deviations permissible in the preparation of medicines and packaging of industrial products in pharmacies"):
X - ± 3 X = ± 0.1935
Conclusion: dosage form - the mixture is prepared satisfactorily, since the actual drug content is within the limits of permissible deviations.
4. Pavlova's mixture
Rp.:Sol. Natrii bromidi 2% - 200.0
The list of practical skills for the final state certification in the specialty "Pharmaceutical technology"
(pharmacy technology)
Situational task number 1
1). During the certification exam, a young specialist pharmacist was offered to make a medicinal product according to a prescription
Rp .: Acdi hydrichlorici 4 ml
Pepsini 4.0
Aquae purificatae 150 ml
Misce. Da. Signa. 1 tablespoon each.
The pharmacist measured 4 ml of pure hydrochloric acid in a colorless vial of neutral glass, justifying that it was a List B substance; measured out 146 ml of water, dissolved 4.0 pepsin while shaking (did not filter, justifying the sorption of the enzyme on the filtering material). I checked the volume, which was 150 ml. The bottle was sealed with a plastic stopper with a screw cap. Issued for vacation, providing the label "Internal" and the warning label "Shake before use."
What are the conclusions of the certification commission? Have there been any mistakes and, if so, what mistakes?
What type of dispersed system takes place in this case? What is the active principle in this recipe? What group of substances does pepsin belong to? Justify the features of the dilution of hydrochloric acid. What is the maximum daily intake of this mixture?
Situational task number 2
1). The pharmacist-technologist asked the trainee student to perform the calculations and propose the best option for liquid technology for external use:
Rp .: Laevomycetini
Sulfuris p.p. ana 5.0
Aetheris medicinalis 7.0
Sol. Acidi borici 3% 50 ml
Ac. salicylici
Resorcini ana 1.0
Sp. aethylici 95% 50 ml
M.D.S. Outwardly.
What do you think could have caused difficulties for a student when calculating and choosing the optimal technology option?
What does the PPK look like after analysis with a pharmacist-technologist and manufacturing? What was the optimal manufacturing technology option?
Situational task number 3
1). The pharmacy received prescription number on form number 107-1 / u-88
Rp .: Dimedroli 0.05
Camphorae 0.1
Furacillini 0.06
Laevomycetini 0.15
Streptocidi albi ana 0.5
Vaselini 30.0
Misce fiat unguentum.
Da. Signa. Ointment in the nose
Make the necessary calculations. Suggest the best technology option for discussion, give justifications for each stage of production. Write down the PPK. Discuss the types of in-house controls used in this case.
Situational task number 4
1). The patient turned to the director of the pharmacy with a complaint that the medicine made according to the prescription:
Rp .: Infusi herbae Adonidis vernalis 200 ml
Barbitali Natrii 1.0
Natrii bromidi 6.0
Tincturae Convallariae 10 ml
Misce. Da. Signa. 1 tbsp. spoon 3 times a day,
in appearance it differs from the mixture of the same composition ordered 1.5 months ago.
The director requested written control passports from the production department of the pharmacy. After comparing them, the director made a conclusion about the correctness of the preparation of the mixture in both cases: the 1st preparation was made using medicinal plants with an active ingredient content of 70 ICE per gram; The 2nd preparation was made using concentrated solutions. Reproduce the contents of both written control passports presented to the director of the pharmacy from the prescription-production department of the pharmacy. Why was it possible to compare the two PPKs? How can you explain the difference in the appearance of the mixtures? What remark was expressed by the director to pharmacists - technologists who dispensed drugs to the patient?
Indicated in one line:
1) dosage form ( Solutionis, genitive case), medicinal substance, concentration and amount of solution. The type of solvent is not indicated.
Concentration can be indicated in three ways:
In percentages;
In relationships 1: 1000, 1: 5000, etc. This designation shows in
how many units of solution contains a unit of soluble substance;
In the form of weight ratios, for example 4.5-180.0; 0.6-200.0, etc. This
the method shows how much by weight the soluble substance is contained in
a given amount of solution.
Example: write out 500.0 g of an aqueous solution containing 0.1 g of furacilin. Prescribe for gargling.
V the form of weight ratios:
Rp: Solutionis Furacilini 0.1-500.0
D.S. for gargling;
V relationship:
We preliminarily calculate that 0.1 g is contained in 500.0 g
x = 500.01 / 0.1 = 5000.
Therefore, the concentration of the solution is 1: 5000.
Rp: Solutionis Furacilini 1: 5000 - 500.0
D.S. for gargling.
V percent:
Preliminarily, we calculate, if 500.0 contains 0.1 g, then 100.0:
x = 100.0 × 0.1 / 500.0 = 0.02%.
Rp: Solutionis Furacilini 0.02% - 500.0
D.S. for gargling.
When prescribing official solutions, concentrations are not indicated.
Example: Solutionis Hydrogenii peroxydi dilutae - 100.0
D.S. for the treatment of purulent wounds
(official hydrogen peroxide solution).
Prescription rules the same as for solutions for
external use:
- abbreviated prescription;
- detailed recipe.
When prescribing solutions for oral administration, their concentration should be such that the volume of the solution that is selected for a single use contains a single dose of the drug.
Example: prescribe a solution of calcium chloride for 5 days so that, taking 1 tbsp. L., the patient received 1.5 g of calcium chloride. Frequency rate of admission - 4 times a day.
Calculation of the concentration of the solution in percent:
15.0 ml (1 tbsp. l.) contains 1.5 g;
x = 100 × 1.5 / 15.0 = 10%.
Calculation of the amount of solution:
15 ml (1 tbsp. L.) × 4 r per day = 60 ml × 5 days = 300 ml
Rp: Solutionis Calcii chlorati 10% - 300 ml
D.S. no 1 art. l. 4 times a day.
Example: prescribe 180 ml of sodium bromide so that, taking 1 tbsp. L., the patient received 0.5 g of sodium bromide. Prescribe 1 tbsp. l. 4 times a day.
The volume is known - 180 ml, the concentration is calculated:
15.0 ml (1 tablespoon) 0.15 g
x = 100 × 0.15 / 15.0 = 1%.
Rp: Solutionis Natrii bromati 1% - 180.0 ml
D.S. no 1 art. l. 3 times a day.
Oral solution is a liquid dosage form, which is a homogeneous transparent liquid obtained by dissolving a solid medicinal substance, or as a result of mixing liquid medicinal substances with each other, as well as a liquid in a solvent. Distilled water (Aqua destillata) is used as a solvent. Less commonly - ethyl alcohol 70, 90, 95% (Spiritus acthylicus 70, 90, 95%). If the solvent is not specified in the recipe, it is distilled water.
To calculate, you need to know:
1. Single dose of drugs, that is, the amount of drugs for 1 dose.
2. Number of receptions: 10 or 12 (i.e., for a course of treatment for 3-4 days, since this is an unstable dosage form).
3. The nature of the solvent.
4. The amount of solution per dose is dosed for adults with a tablespoon or graduated cups (this is convenient in everyday life), for children - with tea or dessert spoons:
under 5 years old - 1 teaspoon per dose;
up to 10 years old - 1 dessert spoon;
more than 10 years - 1 tablespoon.
Capacity: 1 tablespoon (average) - 15 ml
1 dessert - 10 ml or 7.5 ml
1 teaspoon - 5 ml
1 graduated cup - 30ml
Each spoon should contain 1 single dose of the drug.
Example. Write out a solution of calcium chloride (Calcii chloridum). Single dose 0.5. Number of receptions - 12. Assign one tablespoon 3 times a day 30-40 minutes before meals, washed down with starch jelly.
Payment: 1) Determine the amount of calcium chloride for the entire number of doses (total amount of the drug):
2) Determine the total amount of solution at the rate of 1 tablespoon per reception:
15 ml x 12 = 180 ml.
Liquid dosage forms are best prescribed in milliliters (ml).
The oral solution can be prescribed in 1, 2 and 3 options.
1st option - this is a detailed detailed recipe with all the ingredients included in the composition, indicating the solvent.
Rp .: Calcii chloridi 6.0
Aquae destillatae 180 ml
Misce. Da. Signa.
1 tablespoon 3 times
a day 30-40 minutes before meals,
wash it down with jelly.
2nd option- this is an abbreviated version in the form of the ratio of the weight quantities (the amount of drugs to the amount of solution). In this case, the solvent is not indicated, but is implied in the initial word: "Solutionis".
Rp .: Solutionis Calcii chloridi 6,0 - 180 ml
a day 30-40 minutes before meals,
wash it down with jelly.
3rd option- in the form of a percentage concentration of the solution, which is calculated based on the fact that: 6.0 calcium chloride is contained in 180 ml of the solution, that is, 3.3 calcium chloride will be in 100 ml of the solution, which means that the concentration of the solution is 3.3%.
Rp .: Solutionis Caiii chloridi 3,3% -180 ml
Da. Signa. 1 tablespoon 3 times
a day 30-40 minutes before meals,
wash it down with jelly.
For children, the calculation of the dose per reception (single dose) of an indicative appointment is carried out taking into account the age of the child, based on a single dose of an adult:
18 years old - 3/4 adult dose
4 years - 1/6
Up to 1 year - 1/24 - 1/12 of the adult dose. Medicines that decompose in the light must be in a dark bottle, "in vitro nigro":
1) bromides (salts of hydrobromic acid),
2) iodides (salts of hydroiodic acid),
3) potassium permanganate,
4) iodine preparations,
5) silver preparations,
6) hydrogen peroxide (diluted and concentrated) and
other drugs, which are reported additionally.
In a solution for oral administration, dosed in drops, prescribe potent and poisonous substances. A single dose of drugs should be contained in 10 or 20 drops, the number of doses - 10 or 20, but for poisonous substances (included in the "A" list) only 10 doses, no more.
To prescribe these solutions, you need to know what is conditional:
1.0 ml of aqueous liquid contains 20 drops
1.0 ml alcohol - 40-60 drops
1.0 ml essential - 80 drops
Example. Write out Omnoponum solution in drops for 10 doses. Single dose of omnopon 0.01. Assign 10 drops orally for pain.
Payment: 1) Determine the amount of omnopon for the entire number of receptions:
2) Determine the total amount of the solution: 10 drops x 10 receptions = 100 drops.
3) We translate drops into grams:
20 drops - 1 ml of an aqueous solution 100 drops - 5 ml of an aqueous solution.
1.0 - 100 ml 2% - 10 ml.
Oral solutions in drops are prescribed in all three options: 1st option.
Rp .: Omnoponi 0.1
Aquae destillatae 5 ml
Misce.
2nd option.
Rp .: Solutionis Omnoponi 0,1-5 ml
Da. Signa. 10 drops for pain.
3rd option.
Rp .: Solutionis Omnoponi 2% - 5 ml
Da. Signa. 10 drops for pain.
Self-study assignment
Write out prescriptions:
1.Calcium chloride (Calcii crloridum) child aged 7 years. RD adult 0.5. 1 dessert spoon 3 times a day 30-40 minutes before meals, washed down with starch jelly.
2.Novocaine (Novocainum - 0.25%). 30 ml (1 graduated glass or 2 tablespoons) per reception 3 times a day.
3.Kali bromide (Kalii bromidum). RD 0.5. 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.
4.Sodium salicylate (Natrii salicylas). RD 1.0. 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.
5.Kali iodide (Kalii iodidum). RD 0.5. 1 tablespoon 3 times daily before meals.
6.Sodium bromide (Natrii bromidum). RD 1.0. 1 tablespoon at night.
7.Sodium oxybutyrate (Natrii oxybutyras) RD 0.25. 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.
8. Caffeine-sodium benzoate (Coffeinum natrii benzoas). RD 0.25. 1 tablespoon for acute attacks of headaches.
9.Ammonium chloride (Ammonii chloridum). RD 0.5. 1 tablespoon 5 times a day after meals.
10 potassium acetate (Kalii acetas). RD 2.0. Store in a well-closed container, protected from light. 1 tablespoon 5 times a day.
11. Platyphyllini hydrotartras. RD 0.005. 20 drops orally for abdominal pain.
12.Atropine sulfate (Atropini sulfas). RD 0.0005. 20 drops 3 times a day 30-40 minutes before meals.
13.Ethylmorphine hydrochloride (Aethylmorphini hydrochloridum). RD 0.01. 20 drops, 2 times a day.
14.Papaverine hydrochloride (Papaverini hydrochloridum). RD 0.02. 10 drops, 3 times a day.
15.Nitroglycerin (Nitroglycerinum). 1% solution in alcohol in 5 ml bottles. 2 drops on a sugar cube under the tongue for pain in the region of the heart.
16.Scopolamine hydrobromide (Scopolamini hydrobromidum). RD 0.00025. 20 drops, 2 times a day.
17.Papaverine hydrochloride (Papaverini hydrochloridum). RD 0.02 and platyphylline hydrotartrate (Platyphyllini hydrotartras), RD 0.005. 20 drops, 3 times a day.
18. Spasmolytin (Spasmolytinum). RD 0.05. 20 drops 4 times a day after meals.
20. Dihydroergotaminum. RD 0.002. 20 drops in 1/2 glass of water 3 times a day.
Indicated in one line:
1) dosage form ( Solutionis, genitive case), medicinal substance, concentration and amount of solution. The type of solvent is not indicated.
Concentration can be indicated in three ways:
In percentages;
In relationships 1: 1000, 1: 5000, etc. This designation shows in
how many units of solution contains a unit of soluble substance;
In the form of weight ratios, for example 4.5-180.0; 0.6-200.0, etc. This
the method shows how much by weight the soluble substance is contained in
a given amount of solution.
Example: write out 500.0 g of an aqueous solution containing 0.1 g of furacilin. Prescribe for gargling.
V the form of weight ratios:
Rp: Solutionis Furacilini 0.1-500.0
D.S. for gargling;
V relationship:
We preliminarily calculate that 0.1 g is contained in 500.0 g
x = 500.01 / 0.1 = 5000.
Therefore, the concentration of the solution is 1: 5000.
Rp: Solutionis Furacilini 1: 5000 - 500.0
D.S. for gargling.
V percent:
Preliminarily, we calculate, if 500.0 contains 0.1 g, then 100.0:
x = 100.0 × 0.1 / 500.0 = 0.02%.
Rp: Solutionis Furacilini 0.02% - 500.0
D.S. for gargling.
When prescribing official solutions, concentrations are not indicated.
Example: Solutionis Hydrogenii peroxydi dilutae - 100.0
D.S. for the treatment of purulent wounds
(official hydrogen peroxide solution).
Prescription rules the same as for solutions for
external use:
- abbreviated prescription;
- detailed recipe.
When prescribing solutions for oral administration, their concentration should be such that the volume of the solution that is selected for a single use contains a single dose of the drug.
Example: prescribe a solution of calcium chloride for 5 days so that, taking 1 tbsp. L., the patient received 1.5 g of calcium chloride. Frequency rate of admission - 4 times a day.
Calculation of the concentration of the solution in percent:
15.0 ml (1 tbsp. l.) contains 1.5 g;
x = 100 × 1.5 / 15.0 = 10%.
Calculation of the amount of solution:
15 ml (1 tbsp. L.) × 4 r per day = 60 ml × 5 days = 300 ml
Rp: Solutionis Calcii chlorati 10% - 300 ml
D.S. no 1 art. l. 4 times a day.
Example: prescribe 180 ml of sodium bromide so that, taking 1 tbsp. L., the patient received 0.5 g of sodium bromide. Prescribe 1 tbsp. l. 4 times a day.
The volume is known - 180 ml, the concentration is calculated:
15.0 ml (1 tablespoon) 0.15 g
x = 100 × 0.15 / 15.0 = 1%.
Rp: Solutionis Natrii bromati 1% - 180.0 ml
D.S. no 1 art. l. 3 times a day.
Oral solution is a liquid dosage form, which is a homogeneous transparent liquid obtained by dissolving a solid medicinal substance, or as a result of mixing liquid medicinal substances with each other, as well as a liquid in a solvent. Distilled water (Aqua destillata) is used as a solvent. Less commonly - ethyl alcohol 70, 90, 95% (Spiritus acthylicus 70, 90, 95%). If the solvent is not specified in the recipe, it is distilled water.
To calculate, you need to know:
1. Single dose of drugs, that is, the amount of drugs for 1 dose.
2. Number of receptions: 10 or 12 (i.e., for a course of treatment for 3-4 days, since this is an unstable dosage form).
3. The nature of the solvent.
4. The amount of solution per dose is dosed for adults with a tablespoon or graduated cups (this is convenient in everyday life), for children - with tea or dessert spoons:
under 5 years old - 1 teaspoon per dose;
up to 10 years old - 1 dessert spoon;
more than 10 years - 1 tablespoon.
Capacity: 1 tablespoon (average) - 15 ml
1 dessert - 10 ml or 7.5 ml
1 teaspoon - 5 ml
1 graduated cup - 30ml
Each spoon should contain 1 single dose of the drug.
Example. Write out a solution of calcium chloride (Calcii chloridum). Single dose 0.5. Number of receptions - 12. Assign one tablespoon 3 times a day 30-40 minutes before meals, washed down with starch jelly.
Payment: 1) Determine the amount of calcium chloride for the entire number of doses (total amount of the drug):
2) Determine the total amount of solution at the rate of 1 tablespoon per reception:
15 ml x 12 = 180 ml.
Liquid dosage forms are best prescribed in milliliters (ml).
The oral solution can be prescribed in 1, 2 and 3 options.
1st option - this is a detailed detailed recipe with all the ingredients included in the composition, indicating the solvent.
Rp .: Calcii chloridi 6.0
Aquae destillatae 180 ml
Misce. Da. Signa.
1 tablespoon 3 times
a day 30-40 minutes before meals,
wash it down with jelly.
2nd option- this is an abbreviated version in the form of the ratio of the weight quantities (the amount of drugs to the amount of solution). In this case, the solvent is not indicated, but is implied in the initial word: "Solutionis".
Rp .: Solutionis Calcii chloridi 6,0 - 180 ml
a day 30-40 minutes before meals,
wash it down with jelly.
3rd option- in the form of a percentage concentration of the solution, which is calculated based on the fact that: 6.0 calcium chloride is contained in 180 ml of the solution, that is, 3.3 calcium chloride will be in 100 ml of the solution, which means that the concentration of the solution is 3.3%.
Rp .: Solutionis Caiii chloridi 3,3% -180 ml
Da. Signa. 1 tablespoon 3 times
a day 30-40 minutes before meals,
wash it down with jelly.
For children, the calculation of the dose per reception (single dose) of an indicative appointment is carried out taking into account the age of the child, based on a single dose of an adult:
18 years old - 3/4 adult dose
4 years - 1/6
Up to 1 year - 1/24 - 1/12 of the adult dose. Medicines that decompose in the light must be in a dark bottle, "in vitro nigro":
1) bromides (salts of hydrobromic acid),
2) iodides (salts of hydroiodic acid),
3) potassium permanganate,
4) iodine preparations,
5) silver preparations,
6) hydrogen peroxide (diluted and concentrated) and
other drugs, which are reported additionally.
In a solution for oral administration, dosed in drops, prescribe potent and poisonous substances. A single dose of drugs should be contained in 10 or 20 drops, the number of doses - 10 or 20, but for poisonous substances (included in the "A" list) only 10 doses, no more.
To prescribe these solutions, you need to know what is conditional:
1.0 ml of aqueous liquid contains 20 drops
1.0 ml alcohol - 40-60 drops
1.0 ml essential - 80 drops
Example. Write out Omnoponum solution in drops for 10 doses. Single dose of omnopon 0.01. Assign 10 drops orally for pain.
Payment: 1) Determine the amount of omnopon for the entire number of receptions:
2) Determine the total amount of the solution: 10 drops x 10 receptions = 100 drops.
3) We translate drops into grams:
20 drops - 1 ml of an aqueous solution 100 drops - 5 ml of an aqueous solution.
1.0 - 100 ml 2% - 10 ml.
Oral solutions in drops are prescribed in all three options: 1st option.
Rp .: Omnoponi 0.1
Aquae destillatae 5 ml
2nd option.
Rp .: Solutionis Omnoponi 0,1-5 ml
3rd option.
Rp .: Solutionis Omnoponi 2% - 5 ml
Da. Signa. 10 drops for pain.
Self-study assignment
Write out prescriptions:
1.Calcium chloride (Calcii crloridum) child aged 7 years. RD adult 0.5. 1 dessert spoon 3 times a day 30-40 minutes before meals, washed down with starch jelly.
2.Novocaine (Novocainum - 0.25%). 30 ml (1 graduated glass or 2 tablespoons) per reception 3 times a day.
3.Kali bromide (Kalii bromidum). RD 0.5. 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.
4.Sodium salicylate (Natrii salicylas). RD 1.0. 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.
5.Kali iodide (Kalii iodidum). RD 0.5. 1 tablespoon 3 times daily before meals.
6.Sodium bromide (Natrii bromidum). RD 1.0. 1 tablespoon at night.
7.Sodium oxybutyrate (Natrii oxybutyras) RD 0.25. 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.
8. Caffeine-sodium benzoate (Coffeinum natrii benzoas). RD 0.25. 1 tablespoon for acute attacks of headaches.
9.Ammonium chloride (Ammonii chloridum). RD 0.5. 1 tablespoon 5 times a day after meals.
10 potassium acetate (Kalii acetas). RD 2.0. Store in a well-closed container, protected from light. 1 tablespoon 5 times a day.
11. Platyphyllini hydrotartras. RD 0.005. 20 drops orally for abdominal pain.
12.Atropine sulfate (Atropini sulfas). RD 0.0005. 20 drops 3 times a day 30-40 minutes before meals.
13.Ethylmorphine hydrochloride (Aethylmorphini hydrochloridum). RD 0.01. 20 drops, 2 times a day.
14.Papaverine hydrochloride (Papaverini hydrochloridum). RD 0.02. 10 drops, 3 times a day.
15.Nitroglycerin (Nitroglycerinum). 1% solution in alcohol in 5 ml bottles. 2 drops on a sugar cube under the tongue for pain in the region of the heart.
16.Scopolamine hydrobromide (Scopolamini hydrobromidum). RD 0.00025. 20 drops, 2 times a day.
17.Papaverine hydrochloride (Papaverini hydrochloridum). RD 0.02 and platyphylline hydrotartrate (Platyphyllini hydrotartras), RD 0.005. 20 drops, 3 times a day.
18. Spasmolytin (Spasmolytinum). RD 0.05. 20 drops 4 times a day after meals.
20. Dihydroergotaminum. RD 0.002. 20 drops in 1/2 glass of water 3 times a day.
HONEY. Take 1 tbsp. spoon 3 times a day for 30 minutes. before meals, dilute in 150 ml of boiled water or rosehip broth.
HONEY, ROYAL JELLY. Mix honey and royal jelly in a ratio of 100: 1. Take 0.5 teaspoon. spoons 1 - 2 times a day under the tongue. The course is 4-6 weeks.
HONEY, ROYAL JELLY. Mix honey and royal jelly in a ratio of 100: 2. Take 1 tsp under the tongue in the morning. spoon in 30 minutes. Before meals.
HONEY, ROYAL JELLY.
Take honey for 2 teaspoons. spoons 3 times a day for 30 minutes. before meals. At the same time take 1-2 tablets "Apilak" in the morning under the tongue. The course is 3-4 weeks.
HONEY, ROYAL JELLY, HERBS. Mix 40 g of chamomile flowers, 30 g of valerian roots, 30 g of peppermint leaves. 2 tbsp. pour spoons of collection in a thermos 0.5 liters of boiling water, leave for 3 hours, drain. Take 1 glass in the morning and in the evening. At the same time, take under the tongue a mixture of honey and royal jelly (100: 1), 0.5 tsp. spoons 2 times a day.
HONEY, HERB VERONICA. 2 tbsp.
tablespoons of dry herb Veronica Oakravna, brew 600 ml of boiling water, insist. Drink 100 ml 6 times during the day, adding 1 tsp. a spoonful of honey. Recommended for menopause accompanied by headaches and dizziness.
HONEY, HERBAL COLLECTION. Mix 15 g of chamomile flowers, 15 g of motherwort herb, 10 g each of rose hips, sage herbs, hawthorn flowers, marsh creeper grass, St. John's wort herb, yarrow herb, calendula flowers. 2 tbsp. spoon collection pour 0.5 liters of boiling water, boil for 5 minutes, leave for an hour. Drink 0.5 cups with the addition of 1 tsp. tablespoons of honey 3 times a day. Recommended for menopause and premenstrual syndrome.
HONEY, HERBAL COLLECTION. Mix 20 g of stinging nettle herb, 20 g of tripartite herb, 15 g of tricolor violet herb, 15 g of yarrow herb, 10 g of burdock roots, 10 g of horsetail herb, 10 g of black currant leaves. 2 tbsp. Spoons of the mixture pour 0.5 liters of boiling water, leave for 2 hours, drain. Drink 0.5 cups from 1 tsp. spoon of honey 3 times a day. Recommended for menopause with genital itching and skin rashes.
HONEY, OBNOZHKA - composition "Polyanka". Take 1 tsp. spoon 3 times a day for 30 minutes. before meals.
HONEY, ROYAL JELLY -
composition "Apitonus". Take 1 tsp. spoon 3 times a day under the tongue.
HONEY, ROYAL JELLY, OBOZHKA - composition "Apiphytotonus". Take 1 tsp. spoon 3 times a day under the tongue.
PROPOLIS, CHAGA MUSHROOM, ZVEROBOY - Extra-Befungin dragee. Take 1 tsp. spoon (no top) 3 times a day for 3 weeks.
Riddles about mushrooms for children
Every kid knows perfectly well that a mushroom consists of a hat with an umbrella and a leg, but in that which mushrooms are edible, which are inedible and how they differ from each other, the child is still poorly understood. Cognitive riddles about different mushrooms for children help the child to better know the kingdom of mushrooms. In Russia, mushrooms, also called lips because of their convex spongy caps, have been known since time immemorial.
Forest mushrooms very useful and are often called forest meat due to their nutritional value. But their benefits are not only in satisfying hunger, but also in the richness of fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and mineral salts. Both on a holiday and on a weekday, at any time of the year, mushrooms, which could be salted, boiled, and fried, were an invariable dish on the table. Let's now get to know some riddles about mushrooms for children :
Under the pine tree by the path
Who stands among the grass?
There is a leg, but there is no boot,
There is a hat - there is no head.
Answer: Mushroom
While the children are each in a beret,
Matured - put on hats.
Answer: Mushrooms
Stood on a strong leg
Now lies in the basket.
Answer: White mushroom
What are the yellow sisters
Hidden in the thick grass?
I see them all perfectly
I'll take it home soon.
Very clean, tasty mushroom -
Both the chef and the mushroom picker are happy.
These yellow sisters
Called ...
Chanterelles
What are the guys on the stumps
Crowded together in a tight bunch?
And they hold umbrellas in their hands,
Caught up in a cloud.
Answer: Honey mushrooms
Near the forest at the edge,
Decorating the dark forest
Grew up motley like Parsley,
Poisonous...
Answer: fly agaric
Mushrooms surround us not only in the real world, but also in fairy tales. On one of them, a caterpillar is comfortably located, giving Alice in Wonderland valuable instructions. This mushroom served not only as a support, but also as a kind of indicator of growth and maturation.
Its pieces allowed the girl to grow to a gigantic size, then shrink to a tiny state. And the most interesting thing is that the whole path of Alice, who, thanks to the white rabbit, discovered a new, wonderful world for herself, is full of mysteries.
Introducing the child to vegetables and fruits using riddles
Riddles about vegetables and fruits for children
Riddles about vegetables and fruits contribute to the development of logical thinking in the child, and also acquaint the child with the "heroes" of gardens and orchards.
Anything can be described in a riddle for children. On this page you will find a lot various riddles about vegetables and fruits that are beneficial for the all-round development of children. Every day the child encounters their various representatives sitting at the table, coming to his mother when she is cooking. He has favorite foods, the taste of which he likes the most. Different in shape and color, with interesting and even sometimes funny names, these gifts of nature are so familiar to the baby. But how to identify them correctly, not to confuse one with the other, what features does this particular vegetable have? The child will find answers to all these and many other questions by working with riddles about vegetables. There is nothing more interesting than a fun, entertaining and educational game of guessing riddles. Let's get acquainted with some riddles about vegetables and fruits for children:
I grow in the ground in the garden,
Red, long, sweet.
Carrot
The lady sat down in the garden,
Dressed in noisy silks.
We prepare tubs for her
And half a bag of coarse salt.
Cabbage
He never and nobody
I did not offend in the world.
Why do they cry from him
Both adults and children?
Onion
I am a drop of summer on a thin leg,
Weave boxes and baskets for me.
He who loves me is glad to bow.
And the name was given to me by my native land.
Strawberry
Low, but prickly, sweet, not smelly.
If you pick the berries, you will rip off your whole hand.
Gooseberry
For a tip to a small child arrange cards with drawn vegetables, the child will choose one of them, on which the answer will be depicted. If the child is more than 5 years old, you can choose more difficult riddles, where you need to compare and find differences.
The best riddles about the sun
Riddles about the sun and the moon for children
Puzzles develop children's thinking, and many trick riddles allow the child to look at seemingly well-known things with completely different eyes.
Solving riddles helps the child to develop comprehensively, this fact was noticed in ancient times. We have found and published for you on this page the most popular riddles about the sun for children, solving which will surely give your child pleasure. There is an opinion that the appearance of riddles is associated with the fear of our ancestors before the unidentified forces of nature. People were afraid to anger nature by saying something wrong, so they began to describe objects, comparing them with something similar, but not naming them out loud. As time went on, man could explain many of the vagaries of nature from a scientific point of view. But the game of solving riddles is recognized as useful for any age and has become so beloved that it continues to be played in the modern world.
We introduce the child to the world of flowers. Thematic riddles
Riddles about flowers with answers
Riddles about flowers and plants will be interesting not only for little girls - every boy at an early age is very curious and inquisitive and therefore any riddle about a flower will certainly arouse genuine interest in the baby and a desire to solve it correctly.
Puzzles is a treasure with information that our ancestors collected and we continue to collect. At the same time, the child will really like the game "guess the riddle", because he has fun communicating with you, at the same time learns new facts about the objects and phenomena around him, memory, logical and imaginative thinking develops, and a small children's vocabulary is still increasing.
On this page we have placed some of the very best for you. riddles about flowers and plants with answers... Here are some of them:
Purify the air
They create coziness,
They turn green on the windows
Bloom all year round.
Answer: Flowers
There is a curly hair in the garden - a white shirt,
Heart of gold. What it is?
Answer: Chamomile
At the bumps covered with snow,
Under a white snow cap,
We found a little flower
Half frozen, slightly alive.
Answer: Snowdrop
The sun burns the top of my head
Wants to make a rattle.
Answer: Mac
He grew up under the burning sun
Thick, juicy and prickly.
Answer: Cactus
Golden sieve,
black houses are full.
How many black houses
So many white tenants.
Answer: Sunflower
Parachutes over the meadow
Swing on a twig.
Answer: Dandelions
Riddles for children about flowers and plants, as well as riddles on various other topics, help the baby to develop fully, giving only a part of the information, they push the child to the desire to learn more. After all, children are so interested in what and how is happening in the flora and fauna, which he sees in front of him and which he encounters every day. Riddles from folklore can be roughly divided into questions about natural phenomena, about the world of animals, about household items, about life in society, as well as about flowers and other plants. Each children's riddle, regardless of the topic, develops attention, logic and trains the child's memory.
Riddles about the giraffe
Riddles about the giraffe
Whoever has not guessed the riddle is a giraffe - this phrase, like one of the brightest echoes from distant childhood, reappears in your memory when you tell your child another a riddle about a giraffe.
Let's remember the most curious riddles for children about a giraffe:
He walks with his head lifted,
Not because a proud disposition,
Not because an important count,
But because he ...
Giraffe
Long-legged, proud,
Important and unhurried.
He wears a long neck,
And the foliage, like the grass, "mows".
Who will answer will be right-
This is uncle ... ... (giraffe).
This is who with a long neck
Are the horns warming here under the sun?
He has a calm disposition,
(Giraffe) looks from top to bottom!
We were all children once. For some, childhood was bright and happy, for others, everything is not so cloudless. However, every parent wants their child to have a wonderful joyful childhood that will be remembered in a positive perspective for a lifetime. We strive to comprehensively develop our children and riddles help us with this.
Solving Riddles for Birthday
Riddles for a child's birthday
At the request of visitors to our site, we have prepared and placed the site on this page interesting riddles on the theme of birthday.
The day has come for which the baby has been waiting for so long - his birthday. Many guests came, everyone pays as much attention as possible to the birthday boy. He solemnly invites everyone to the table. But time passes and it becomes noticeable that the guests are bored, and the sweet table is still very far away. How to cheer everyone up at once, create a cheerful holiday atmosphere? You can guess child's birthday riddles! It is necessary to arrange a competition in which everyone can participate. The puzzle solving competition is great fun. The guests will liven up, and there will be joy and laughter at the table.
It's nice to be among the closest friends, when everyone sincerely congratulates you on the holiday. Birthday Riddles will cheer up the suddenly sad hero of the occasion. Our site offers a wide range of riddles of this type. Congratulations with a twist and humor may contain information about the birthday person's occupation, funny character traits, funny incidents from his life. Allow the person to see themselves from the outside and happily remember what they have experienced sometime before. Do you want to surprise your son or daughter, loved one, friend, boss with an original birthday greeting? Take a look at our website and you will surely find the congratulation that will please your hero of the occasion. At the end of the article, you will find interesting children's birthday riddles, and here are some of them:
Fulfillment of all desires -
Cool holiday - ...
(Birthday)
Open your mouth wider
Let's eat delicious ...
(Cake)
The new packaging is bright
The room is ...
(Present)
Learn the letters of the alphabet in a playful way
Riddles about the letters of the alphabet
The topic of this material is - riddles about letters of the alphabet for teaching a child the basics of the Russian language at an early age. Nowadays, the trend of the all-round development of a child at an early age is gaining more and more popularity. No wonder. From 2 to 4 years old, a child absorbs new information like a sponge, catches everything on the fly. During this period, the baby develops at a very fast pace and every day pleases parents with his new skills and abilities. Pay attention to what your child is reaching, you need to start developing talents right now. Interesting riddles about letters help your little one in a fun way faster learn the alphabet.
The problem that almost all parents face: the child does not want to study letters. The kid runs, jumps, plays with friends and favorite toys, and the parents, as luck would have it, distract him by imprisoning him for a nasty alphabet and demanding to study, while with a completely incomprehensible motivation for the child: you need to know the letters, we will soon go to the first grade. A way out of this situation has been found: letter riddles... In this section of our site there are many similar riddles that will help children gnaw the granite of science in a playful way. You will find fascinating riddles about the letter E (as well as the letter H, letter L, letter M, letter T, letter D, letter P and letter P) at the end of the article. The process will be very exciting, solving riddles there is no need to break away from your favorite things.
Riddle about the letter E
E
She won't leave the baby
He carries an egg on his belly in a bag.
She is almost invisible in the bushes
He catches ants there ...
echidna
Riddle about the letter H
N
He's heavy and big
Irritable and angry
That's why I'm lonely
This brown ...
rhinoceros
Riddle about the letter L
L
The king of beasts is always serious
Covered with starry glory.
"Glory is a myth, a mirage and a bluff" -
Reflects formidable ...
a lion
Riddle about the letter M
M
In the middle of a dense forest
There is no house, no shelter,
And in the den it is cramped,
So he sleeps in winter ...
bear
Riddle about the letter T
T
He is almost the king of beasts
(A close relative of kings)
Sharpening claws not for games
The striped predator ...
Tiger
Riddles about school, study, school supplies
Riddles for schoolchildren with answers
A riddle is a verse or a short text that talks about a specific subject, but it is never mentioned there. Be sure to describe the bright features inherent only for this subject. On our site you will find, and on this page we have collected themed riddles for schoolchildren with answers about school and study.
Riddles about school and study help teachers and parents work with children. They allow children to look at classes and school from a different angle, to learn new information about the subjects they are teaching or intend to teach in the future. This curious genre develops the logical thinking of the child and abstractness also does not stand aside. Riddles for schoolchildren will be especially useful for children who are just going to the first grade and they will have to face school life for the first time.
School life is remembered for a long time. If it seems to you that knowledge about the school has long been forgotten, solve several riddles on this topic. Cribs, favorite teachers, who were sometimes strict, will immediately pop up in my memory. The subjects that you liked from the very beginning, you still use the knowledge in these subjects.
There is a cheerful, bright house.
There are a lot of nimble guys in it.
They write and believe there
They draw and read.
(School.)
The school opened the doors
She let the new settlers in.
Who guys know
What are they called?
(First graders.)
Not a bush, but with leaves,
Not a shirt, but sewn,
Not a man, but a story.
(Book).
There is, friends, such a bird:
If he sits on the page,
I am very glad
And the whole family is with me.
(Five).
We write homework assignments in it -
They put marks next to us,
If the marks are good
We ask: "Mom, sign!"
(Diary.)
Such riddles are appropriate for a holiday at school. Questions for younger students will help to understand difficult information that children have not encountered before. And for graduates and students, these riddles bring a smile on their faces and fond memories of life without obligations.
Riddles about the Russian language
Russian folk riddles
Russian riddles- one of the genres of folk art, in which a particular subject / event is briefly described using various artistic means. The game with guessing riddles is developing, cognitive. One person must ask his question in encrypted form, after which another (or several people) finds the only correct answer to this rebus ... Russian folk riddles have always been famous for their originality and diversity.
When communicating with children, not only during classes, but also in conversations, it is recommended to use riddles. Such a charge for the mind will be very useful for the child, because it requires figurative and abstract thinking, the ability to compare, see similarities and differences, subtext, read between the lines, distinguish between phrases in direct and figurative meanings. In real life, there is no transparent house, but in the riddle it is, and denotes an aquarium. Not a single child wants to give up such a fun pastime as playing with Russian riddles. The most restless will listen carefully to the question in order to find out the subject of the answer. We have prepared for you and published on this page not only well-known folk riddles,but also very interesting riddles about the Russian language which you will find below.
Children's riddles about animals
Riddles for children about animals with answers
Children's riddles about the world of animals not only help children better understand the world that surrounds us and, but also contribute to the development of logical thinking.
The animal riddle is one of the oldest forms of folklore. Why? Because even in the old days, sages noticed that it is much easier for children to perceive new material if they work with vivid and memorable symbols, or images that children understand. We have collected and placed on this page the best riddles for kids about animals with answers... A chanterelle, a bear, a hare - for kids they are not just representatives of the animal world, they are the characters and mores of those around them, this greatly simplifies children's perception. And if the kid knows that a clue has been written to the question, he does not seek to spy on it, he wants to guess for himself which of the images, familiar from early childhood, we are talking about.
Collecting riddles for children about different animals, one cannot but touch upon the topic of killer whales, which are known to belong to mammals, marine animals. What is the difference between a killer whale and a dolphin? Mammals are from the same family, but killer whales have bright white spots on their bodies, which cannot be found in a dolphin during the day with fire.
Moreover, the location of these spots is different for each killer whale, there are no two with the same spots, everything is exactly the same with sizes. First of all, the killer whale is a predator, depending on the species, they feed on pinnipeds or fish. They like to hunt fish in a crowd - they surround one flock and, after stunning them with the help of their tail, they begin to eat.
We are like riddles to people
But we are not evil guys,
We will not play hide and seek with you,
Because we…
--
Big but not whales
Finned, but not sharks.
--
We are the animals of the sea
For whales - more dangerous than thunderstorms:
Our fins are like that
Sharper than sharp braids.
Some riddles about animals with answers. Killer whales
In riddles, where the main character is a killer whale, its considerable size and the outline of a fin, which looks like a scythe, are described. According to legend, that is why they were called killer whales. They have very strong family ties, they care about their relatives, take care of them.
Different riddles for children
Riddles for children 10 years old, as well as for 8, 7 and 5 years old
We have collected and placed on this page best riddles for kids 10 years old,for kids 8 years and five-year-olds with answers.
Children's riddles, corresponding in terms of complexity to their age, are very helpful in developing the intellectual abilities of children. Do not be surprised, because questions that seem simple to you for children can be a daunting task. Remember the enthusiasm with which you solved riddles at the age of ten. Riddles for children 10 years old not entirely straightforward, they can be tricky and you need to be smart and logical to answer correctly. They will be just as addicting puzzle game for your little one. And to make it easier for parents to solve the puzzle , we have provided answers to each question on this page. You only have to choose one of the riddles below and puzzle the child with it.
The monster's emerald eye flamed.
So you can cross the street now.
(Traffic lights)
I have a robot in my apartment.
He has a huge trunk.
Robot loves cleanliness
And it buzzes like a Tu-liner
He willingly swallows dust,
Doesn't get sick, doesn't sneeze.
(A vacuum cleaner)
He meets everyone with one handle,
With the other handle he sees off.
(Door)
Admire, look - the North Pole is inside!
Snow and ice are sparkling there
Winter itself lives there.
(Refrigerator)
On the pole is the palace, in the palace is the singer.
(Starling)
What is it at the checkmark?
A string on a stick
Wand in hand
A thread in the river.
(Fishing rod)
A steeplejack stands on the roof
And catches news for us.
(Antenna)
I silently look at everyone
And everyone is looking at me.
The merry ones see the laughter
I cry with sadness.
Deep as a river
I'm at home on your wall.
An old man will see an old man,
The child is the child in me.
(Mirror)
Curious riddles for children 10 years old with answers
Original riddles about the ruble and 10 rubles
Riddle about 10 rubles. Answer with decryption
Mystery and in our rapid age has not lost its importance in the education and upbringing of children of school and preschool age. Solving trick riddles is a great method for developing children's thinking.
Very original riddle about 10 rubles will not only make you concentrate on finding the right answer, but will also amuse you. Correct answer lies on the surface, but you will have to "break your head" a little over the logic of the calculation.
Let's say I took 100 rubles from you. I went to the store and lost them. Met a friend. I took 50 rubles from him. I bought 2 chocolates for 10. I have 30 rubles left. I gave them to you. And I owe 70. And my friend 50. Total 120. Plus I have 2 chocolates. Total 140! Where is 10 rubles?
answer: The answer to the riddle lies in the slyness of the last addition. The fact is that in order to determine the total amount of debt, we need to add to the remaining amount of debt its paid part, instead of the cost of two chocolates
Puzzles is a treasure, a gold mine with information about what surrounds us everywhere. They contain data on moral and ethical ideals, experience and folk wisdom. Psychologists, teachers and educators note the positive influence of riddles on the development of the psyche and the formation of personality in children. Together with the riddle, the child makes new discoveries, such questions develop the mind and thinking, instill various values.
The best logic puzzles
Logic riddles with a trick. With answers
Some people like to solve riddles about everything in the world, and someone can purposefully solve riddles with logic and ingenuity... Today it will not be difficult to find on specialized Internet pages very interesting logic puzzles with a trick accompanied by answers for the development of thinking in children of school and preschool age. Training logical thinking consists in developing the skill of "putting everything on the shelves." But even in logical tasks one cannot do without abstraction and veiled meanings, exercises with logical riddles teach you to look at the situation from the outside, find subtext. On our website site
you can also find a variety of logic puzzles with answers for both younger and older children and adults.
Does everyone tell you that you think logically and consistently? Take the risk of testing your logic for endurance, choose one of the riddles presented on this page and try to answer it. In any area there is always the possibility of constant growth, including in logic.
Children's riddles on different topics
Riddles with answers for children
In the riddle wisdom and the desire to know more, to recognize, to strive for something new are mixed. Therefore, we often encounter riddles in fairy tales and legends. Wisdom has always been worshiped. Folk tales are the first proof of this. Haven't you been fond of solving riddles for a long time? Try your wit, for example, play guessing games with your child. We have collected and published on this page the most interesting riddles with answers for children on different topics.
The riddle is called a kind of test for the mind. Designed for children, they make the kid think, he learns to use logic and develop it. If the child will often train on solving riddles, thanks to the liveliness of analytical thinking and a broad outlook, the child will soon be able to surpass Sherlock Holmes himself. Usually, all children's riddles are published with answers, but do not rush to tell the child the correct answer if he has been thinking for a long time - let him think carefully, and you can help him with leading questions, gestures, facial expressions.
Very and not very difficult riddles for children and adults
The most difficult riddles with answers
In any riddle there are two closely related components: a question (though not always formulated in an interrogative form) and an answer. The answer to the question masked with the help of metaphors, hyperbole and other auxiliary artistic means of speech. Recently, many sites with interesting riddles have appeared, but the answers to them are either absent or published in separate materials. We have collected for you entertaining complex riddles with answers placed on one page.
Difficult riddles from simple ones do not differ in anything supernatural, you just need to think about them a little harder. In riddles for young children, the answer lies on the surface and is immediately clear, but in difficult riddles, you need to be smart.
At first glance, many difficult riddles seem simple, pushing a person into a false train of thought. Be careful - there is most likely a catch. And in order not to fall for the hook, guessing very difficult riddles - look for non-standard answers. Such riddles for logic are not of the same type, it is very difficult to find a recipe for guessing, training can only develop thinking, but it is impossible to know the answer to each riddle.
Comic riddles and answers
Comic and funny riddles with answers
Recently, many users of the World Wide Web are looking for entertainment sites comic and funny riddles with answers on them. Funny riddles are two in one: fun and the ability to develop the baby's horizons, his abstract thinking. Many funny riddles are tricky, in which case it is impossible to predict or understand the answer at once. This means that standard ideas for answers to funny riddles do not fit, you need to look for other options, and think from a different angle in order to find the correct answer. Such comic riddles cannot be called simple, but the answer will certainly bring joy and laughter with it, after all the same, the correct answer is found.
What is called a riddle?
Mystery- a non-standard question in which everything is described figuratively and veiled, and the answer to it may be unexpected.
The riddle develops the child's thinking, a game in which children, having fun, learn to think and prove the correctness of their opinion. With her, the upbringing process is more fun. On this page we have collected very interesting comic and funny riddles for both children and adults with answers.
They repair roofs, furniture, frames,
They go fishing ...
(not moms, but dads)
And capricious and stubborn,
Doesn't want to go to kindergarten ...
(not mom, but daughter)
We planted a grain -
Have grown the sun.
(Sunflower)
Red cheat
Sly and clever, to tricky riddles and users are increasingly looking for on the Internet funny riddles with a trick and with answers on them. The genre of creativity invented by the people is called riddles. They reflect everyday life, the perception and character of Russian people, as well as their environment. Riddles are one of the most poetic genres invented by humans. They have an honorable place among the genres of Russian folklore, as well as in other cultures.
Riddles are about what is close to a person, what surrounds him, what he encounters every day. The riddles contain a lot of information about a person's life.
Folding riddles, people showed the world, looked for zest in ordinary things. On this page you will find very interesting riddles with a trick funny, with an answer for every riddle.
Children's riddles about useful things
1. The old woman has one-eyed Ten cases ripened at once. ( Needle)
2. Neither in the house nor on the street. ( Window)
3. A humpbacked goby butts a snowball. ( Wooden shovel)
4. Once - I dig. Two - I'm digging. When I enter the ground, I become sharper, And I will lie down idle - I will quickly rust. ( Shovel)
5. I work tirelessly, dear children, I spin the fan and heat the iron,
And they take me out of the socket with a fork, Although I'm not a herring, not a pepper, not an onion. ( Electricity)
6. It is made of thick leather, It will help to carry things,
We will close it with a lock, so that a stranger could not take things. ( Suitcase)
Riddles for children in verse
Simple riddles in poetry for kids. Memorizing such simple verses with Read more ...
You know that the required amount of ingredients for preparing delicious dishes is indicated in all recipes. But the presence of a kitchen scale, a measuring spoon or a measuring cup for accurately measuring the proportions of products is not always at hand at the hostess.
What to do in this case, how to measure the required portion of the product? No problem! If you use a regular cutlery and know how many milliliters are in a tablespoon or teaspoon.
We will sequentially consider the volume of a tablespoon and a teaspoon, how many ml is in one tablespoon of water, vinegar, oil and syrup.
The most common cutlery is the spoon! With its help, we eat everything - borsch, soup, porridge, preserves and jams. Moreover, the history of the appearance of the spoon dates back to the appearance of forks and knives. This is the most ancient device.
Previously, spoons were made of clay, wood, then bronze and metal. Currently, they are made from stainless steel.
There are three main types of tablespoons: large (tablespoons), dessert and tea. Additionally, people have come up with more types of spoons: bar, for olives, caviar, nominal, souvenir and others.
Today you will learn how you can measure a lot of food items using an ordinary spoon. Of course, in different countries, the volume of a tablespoon may differ, for example, in:
- USA it is equal to 14.95 ml.
- Great Britain - 13.8 ml.
- In Russia, its capacity is approximately 14 to 20 ml.
It is necessary to clarify, because the volume and weight of products can be different. For example, one tablespoon contains 16 milliliters of sunflower oil, and its weight will be 18 grams.
Now see the table where the mass is indicated in 1 tbsp. l .:
| Product name | Number of grams |
| Gelatin | 15 |
| Cocoa | 23 |
| Natural coffee | 26 |
| Potato starch | 30 |
| Buckwheat | 25 |
| Wheat groats | 30 |
| Lemon acid | 22 |
| Poppy | 18 |
| Honey | 35 |
| Condensed milk | 32 |
| Powdered milk | 20 |
| Wheat flour | 30 |
| Oat flakes | 13 |
| Ground walnut | 20 |
| Black pepper | 12 |
| Rice | 25 |
| Granulated sugar | 25 |
| Salt | 30 |
| Tomato paste | 33 |
| Egg powder | 17 |
Of course, it is easiest to measure liquids, although they are different and conditionally distinguish between the following types:
- true (water, wine, vinegar);
- dense (milk, cream, syrups, honey in liquid form);
- thick mixtures (sour cream, tomato paste, condensed milk).
Also, spoons are of different types. Each of us in the kitchen has several sets that differ visually and in volume.
There are several ways to find out the capacity of a spoon. The simplest of these is to compare it to the plastic medicine container that comes with syrups. First, measure the liquid with a measuring plastic container, and then with the one that you have, and compare the indicators. Thus, you will find out the most accurate amount of ml of product in a tablespoon, which is in your kitchen, the measurement error will be minimal.
Water: how many ml is in a tablespoon
All cooking sites give the exact number of milliliters of water for cooking. Moreover, you need to strictly adhere to the recipe when preparing baby food, baking (cakes, muffins).
You definitely need to know how much water is in a tablespoon. So, one tablespoon of a standard sample contains 15 ml of water. Moreover, the weight of water is equal to its volume (it is known from the school physics course) - 18 ml of water has a mass of 18 grams.
Vinegar: how many ml in a tablespoon
Table vinegar in recipes is indicated in milliliters, it is not difficult to measure it. Because it is a true liquid, in which the mass is equal to the volume.
A tablespoon contains about 15 ml of vinegar. It is an excellent dressing and preservative. Compliance with the exact proportions allows the hostess to successfully preserve food, prepare baked goods, salads, sauces, bake meat, vegetables, fish.
Oil: how many ml in 1 tablespoon
You need to take into account the type of oil if you want to know how many ml of it are in a tablespoon. One large appliance may contain different types of this product according to the following table:
Compliance with the proportions of the recipe will allow the culinary specialist to successfully prepare salads, pizza, deep-fried and many desserts. Keep in mind that you cannot fry in linseed oil and season hot dishes with it (any heat effect ruins the linseed oil). It is consumed raw.
Syrup: how many ml are in a tablespoon
If a person adheres to a diet, a special diet, calculates the BJU or the energy value of the product, or carefully observes the instructions for the recipe, the sugar syrup must be measured accurately.
Moreover, it is more convenient to do this with one spoon, and not with a glass. Using a special table, you can find out that 18 ml of syrup in a tablespoon weighs 22 grams.
Tea and table spoons: volumes
At home in the kitchen, it is always necessary to know the volume of a teaspoon and a tablespoon when preparing food. In special culinary tables, the amount is indicated for bulk products with and without a slide.
Measures are indicated for milk, tomato paste and other ingredients most commonly used. So it is believed that in 1 tsp. - 5 ml, and in 1 tbsp. l. - 15.
Knowing how many ml contains the simplest and most affordable kitchen utensils, plus, even having a cooking table, you will masterfully prepare the most complex delicious dish in any case.
In culinary practice, however, there are some nuances that affect the accuracy of measurements. Suddenly the shape and depth of the device is different. Therefore, it is best to measure small volumes to minimize errors.
Larger values are best weighed with a kitchen scale. And when making home medicines, tinctures and cosmetics, use containers with graduations - accurate measuring instruments. After all, any deviation from the recipe can be important.
How much liquid is in a tablespoon in ml
Watch the video on the channel "How to do everything yourself". And visually find out how many ml of liquid fits in a tea, dessert and tablespoon - this is water, vinegar, sunflower oil.
This will help to correctly dose the child's cough syrup and correctly prepare a recipe in which you need to know how many ml of vinegar is in a teaspoon.
