All people are different, each has its own character, and therefore the attitude towards the world around is different. In this text V.A. Soloukhin raises the problem of the relationship between man and nature.
The narrator recalls his trip to Olepin, acquainting the reader with beautiful, magical places, describing every detail of the landscape. For him, this is a "marvelous scarlet country", which, unfortunately, is impossible to get into again.
The problem under discussion is so important that many writers have raised it in their works. Let us recall the novel by I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons". The nihilist Yevgeny Bazarov is far from concepts such as the beauty of the surrounding world, enjoying the rays of the sun, the breath of the wind, which are characteristic of Arkady.
The hero refers to nature only as an object of his scientific activity, which is absolutely wrong, and Bazarov understands this later.
In the novel by L.N. Tolstoy's "War and Peace" also traces this problem. Andrei Bolkonsky is one of the few who is able to truly appreciate the bright details of the surrounding world. For him, the oak turned out to be a symbol of a psychological state, an image of the changes taking place in the hero's life.
Thus, nature has a huge impact on us, our mood depends on it, it adds up our memories, which are of great importance, teaches us to appreciate the unique moments of life.
(1) A trip to Olepin gave me an unforgettable experience. (2) The morning caught me not in bed, not in a hut or city apartment, but under a haystack on the banks of the Koloksha River. (3) But it was not fishing that I remember the morning of that day. (4) This is not the first time I approached the water and I will darken when you cannot see the float on the water, barely beginning to absorb the very first, lightest lightening of the sky. (5) Everything was as if ordinary that morning: and catching perch, on the flock of which I attacked, and the pre-dawn chill rising from the river, and all the unique smells that arise in the morning where there is water, sedge, nettles, mint, meadow flowers and bitter willow. (6) And yet the morning was extraordinary. (7) Scarlet clouds, rounded, as if inflated Tut, floated across the sky with the solemnity and slowness of swans. (8) Al clouds floated along the river, coloring not only the water with their color, not only the steam above the water is light, but also the wide glossy leaves of water lilies. (9) The fresh white color] of the water lilies were like roses in the light of a burning morning. (Yu) Drops of red dew fell from a bent willow into the water, spreading red, with a black shadow, circles. (11) An old fisherman walked through the meadows, and in his hand a large caught fish blazed with red fire. (12) Haystacks, haystacks, a tree growing by the side! the forest, the old man's hut - everything was seen especially prominently, brightly, as if something had happened to our vision, and it was not the play of the great sun that was the reason for the extraordinary morning. (13) The flame of the fire, so bright at night, was almost imperceptible now, and its pallor further emphasized the dazzle of the morning sparkle. (14) This is how I remember forever those places along the bank of Koloksha, where our morning dawn passed. (15) When, after eating fish soup and falling asleep again, caressed by the rising sun! and having slept, we woke up three or four hours later, it was impossible to recognize: the surroundings. (16) The sun rising to the zenith removed all shadows from the earth. (17) Gone: the contour, the bulge of earthly objects, the fresh coolness and the burning of dew, and its sparkle disappeared somewhere. (18) The meadow flowers faded, the water faded, and in the sky, instead of bright and lush clouds, an even whitish haze spread like a veil. (19) It seemed that a few hours ago we magically visited a completely different, wonderful country, where both scarlet lilies and red! the old man has a fish on a rope, and the grass shimmers with lights, and everything there is clearer, more beautiful, sharper, exactly as it happens in wonderful countries, where it falls] by the sole power of fairy magic. (20) How can one get back to this marvelous scarlet country? (21) After all, no matter how much you come later to the place where the Chernaya river meets the Koloksha river and where
The writing:
How should a person relate to nature? Should we cherish the memories of our homelands? It is to the answers to these questions that V.A. Soloukhin.
In the text proposed for analysis, the author raises a number of important questions. He pays special attention to the problem of man's relationship to nature.
The writer reveals the problem, describing the feelings of the hero, which he experienced, recalling his train to Olepin, which gave him an unforgettable experience. “Scarlet clouds”, “white fresh flowers”, “drops of red dew” - all this was so deeply imprinted in his head that for a long time the narrator recalled his stay alone with the “wonderful country”.
In addition, the hero expresses his opinion that a person who arrived in nature and then threw this segment of life out of his head is “the poorest man on earth”.
The author's position on this issue is expressed quite clearly: he seeks to convey to the reader the idea that it is important not only to devote his time to nature, but also to keep in memory every such moment. However, not every person is capable of treating the world around him with such awe.
It is difficult to disagree with the author's position, because the world around us is able to give us bright memorable moments for the rest of our lives, but nevertheless there are people who are able to forget the natural places they visit.
The work of I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons". Evgeny Bazarov, a supporter of nihilism, believes that nature is not a temple, but a workshop, and the person in it is a worker. It is incomprehensible to him that moral satisfaction from the environment, so characteristic of Arkady. The main character appeals to nature only during scientific experiments. But even such a person, so devoted to his ideology, in the end still realizes how wrong he was.
Another example proving my point of view is the epic novel by L.N. Tolstoy's "War and Peace". Natasha, filled with love for her native nature, admires the extraordinary beauty of the starry sky during the scene in Otradnoye. It fascinates her so much that she is unable to restrain her emotions. The heroine revives, and is filled with happiness at the sight of heavenly beauty, and they even call Sonya to the window so that she too can enjoy this beautiful night.
Thus, I.S. Turgenev, and L.N. Tolstoy, just like V.A. Soloukhin in his works discusses the relationship of man to nature.
Summing up, I would like to say that people's opinions regarding their attitude to nature may differ.
How to write a commentary in an essay (K2) if you come across a literary text? It is necessary to realize that this is somewhat more difficult than according to a publicistic excerpt.
I think you understand that
And the position of the author and the hero-narrator may not coincide! Even if the author does not DIRECTLY speak about his attitude towards the hero, and he acts, from your point of view, wrong, commits acts that bring evil to others, then, most likely, the writer thinks the same way as you do.
Several options for commenting literary texts.
Option 1
F. Iskander tells about a hero who flies to his mother's funeral. The refrain is heard twice in the text "the words of a poet unknown to him": "Mother is a short holiday on Earth." Bitterly reflecting on his irreplaceable loss, the man carefully examines the faces of people and suddenly notices "a face glowing with sorrow, turned into an exorbitant distance." This is the face of a young peasant woman who is very upset about the illness of her baby. The mother, apparently, learned something terrible about her son's illness from the doctors, and now everything in the world went out for her ... Only grief filled her heart. Suddenly, the hero of Iskander thought that this woman was very similar to his deceased mother ... Peering into her beautiful face, he felt a kind of relief, realizing that "only grief is beautiful and only she will save the world."
Option 2
The hero-narrator V. Astafieva, having made sure from his own experience that “… there is, there is the soul of plants,” gives vivid examples of this. He is deeply convinced that plants love not only good care and watering, but also a kind human word. An instructive example of this is the story of the lungwort and calendula, which, offended by a person, left his garden. The storyteller came to the garden in the spring, and there "is empty and bare, the mournful land in last year's grass and mold, there is no lungwort or calendula, and other plants are growing in a frightened way." But the wild mountain ash that found shelter on the site thanked the owner by turning into an elegant, bright and fertile tree.
Option 3
Reasoning over the question posed, V. Soloukhin narrates about nature on behalf of the hero-storyteller, whom the trip to Olepin gave an unforgettable experience. The hero was delighted with everything: "scarlet clouds, rounded, as if inflated", "drops of red dew", "the sun rising to the zenith." Everything was as if ordinary that morning, but the impression of being in a "completely different, wonderful country" did not leave the hero. Morning nature left an unforgettable mark on the mind of the narrator and gave him the desire to "get back to this wondrous scarlet country."
The author's position is extremely clear: nature gives a person unforgettable sensations, helps to gain an understanding that every moment of life is unique.
Option 4
In the center of P. Vasiliev's attention is a sad story about how a granddaughter, a girl of a rare, striking beauty, about which the poet would say: "A blind man just won't notice her ..." ”, And she ran away to the cinema. With pain the young guy tells that the beauty, knowing that Polina Ivanovna "felt bad in her heart", still left. She left because she did not care what would happen next with her "granny". Here is a clear proof that outward beauty does not always go to morally pure people.
How to write a commentary on the 2016 USE essay?
Friends, it would seem that it is not the first year that we have been writing a comment in the composition of the exam(task 25). But this year, FIPI added one point for a well-written commentary (K2) to make it difficult. The problem you have taken must not only be commented on from the standpoint of the source text, emphasizing the feelings that the author experiences, but also give 2 examples from the text that illustrate the question raised. According to the recommendations of I.P. Tsybulko, head of the Federal Commission for the Development of Control and Measuring Materials, ( ), this can be done in three ways. Let's consider them.
Let's take a text problem like this.(see text below):
What fell to the lot of the children of Leningrad is the problem on which L. Pozhedaev ponders
but.
WAYS TO COMMENT
1 way. By quoting
The author reveals this question using the example of the heroine's story about how hard her life was during the Great Patriotic War... Delving into the lines of this text, you immediately understand why, five years after the Victory, the girl still could not forget "about the disastrous hungry life" in Leningrad, "about the terrible road along Lake Ladoga", about those monstrous days that she had to endure ... L. Pozhedaeva convincingly tells that the war, forcing to see and feel "then there was already so much", changed everything in the child's life, crippled her childhood, made her "a young old woman."
Method 2. By pointing to paragraphs
The author very convincingly tells about what the children of the besieged Leningrad endured. Paragraph 2 tells about the terrible road across Lake Ladoga, about the “hopeless doom” that both adults and children experienced. And the constant hunger and the girl's thoughts about bread, which ends paragraph 3? How can you forget this ?!
Method 3. By specifying line numbers
(I didn't succeed in counting the lines, so I did it with an indication of the sentence numbers.)
The author, talking about the tragic fate of the children of the besieged Leningrad, says that they turned into old people, not adults, ahead of time (sentence 13). And how convincingly she conveys the thoughts of a little girl about hunger (sentence 23). Here are just two small examples showing that the life of young Leningraders during the years of the siege was terrible ...
Text
(1) We were taken away from Leningrad through Lake Ladoga, when the cars were no longer driving on the ice, but floating on the water. (2) Spring was approaching, and the ice on the lake was rapidly melting.
(H) Cars float on the water - the road is not visible, but something like a river, along which cars are either driving or floating. (4) I am sitting, huddled up to my mother, on some kind of soft knots. (5) We are driving in a car with an open body at the tailgate. (6) Cold, damp, windy. (7) I don't even have the strength to cry, probably everyone is scared. (8) The ice is already thin and could fall under a heavy vehicle at any moment. (9) And German planes may appear in the sky at any minute and start bombing the road and ice. (10) Fear fetters an already helpless body. (11) I remember that from this terrible fear I wanted to jump up and run away anyway, just not to sit in this hopeless doom.
(12) People in the car behave differently, and this is striking.
(13) 3a I saw and felt so much of my short childhood life then that I ceased to be a child and became a young old woman ... (14) Sometimes thoughts fall as if into an abyss. (15) I either fall asleep or lose consciousness. (16) Then consciousness returns, and again thoughts go in a circle: “Bread! Of bread! Of bread!" (17) So unbearably hungry.
(18) How long we drove so terribly, I don’t know - it seemed endless. (19) When they took me out of the car and tried to put me on my feet, it didn't work. (20) My legs, apparently, were numb, my knees gave way, and I fell on the snow. (21) They carried me in their arms to some room. (22) It was warm there. (23) But I wanted only one thing - to eat, eat and eat, because satiety did not come. (24) And satiety will not come for a very, very long time. (25) Still, the feeling of forgotten warmth fell on me, and I slept, slept, slept ... (26) Of course, now that I am 16 years old and I am writing these lines, I can realize all this and find the right words, to express that state of yours. (27) And then ... (28) My childhood Memory stores on its shelves a lot that cannot be forgotten, it is impossible not to remember. (29) But not all of this will be demanded by life, and memories and perceptions of the past will fade.
(Z0) But everything will be on demand and will come in handy someday. (31) The main thing is what values are in demand in my adult life. (32) And as long as I remember, while I am sick of the blockade and military memory, I will make these sketches about the terrible period of my small life and the life of the big Country, sketches about the disastrous hungry life in my Leningrad, about the terrible road along Lake Ladoga, about what happened after after they put us on the train and my mother and I went first to Gorky, and then towards the Battle of Stalingrad ... (ЗЗ) Sketches about how people were crippled morally and mentally by hunger and war ...
(34) Why am I writing all this five years after the Victory? (35) I am writing for myself, for the Memory, while I still remember the little things and details of events.
(36) I am writing to throw out on paper my enduring pain from the fact that we, foolish kids, were thrown down a slope, the wounded and sick, adults, when we were sent back to Leningrad after the nightmare of Demyansk and Lychkov, that alone we had to overcome painful hunger winters of 1941 - 1942, because my mother was in a barracks position, that in my little life there was Stalingrad and a hospital with enormous human suffering.
(37) I have many reasons, and maybe when I share my pain with the paper, it will become easier for me. (38) And also because when my father's colleagues gather at our place and remember the war, I so want to shout out: (39) “Do you know what happened to your families, your children in Leningrad? (40) In Stalingrad? (41) In other places, where was the war, where were the battles? " (42) But our Memory is not considered. (43) So let this bitter Memory of mine lie quietly among my books and notebooks. (44) Let it lie, and maybe someone will someday find this notebook in the discarded trash and find out how we lived and survived the war, and let it be a caring person. (45) My troubles and sufferings are mine, to which no one cares. (46) Someone may have been much worse. (47) And certainly worse, otherwise people would not die. (48) But this was more than enough for me and for the rest of my life. (49) Some little things will be forgotten, but that fear of hunger, bombing, shelling, the suffering of the wounded in the hospital, the death of Danilovna and her help and aunt Xenia will never be forgotten.
(According to L. Pozhedaeva *)
P.S. Colleagues and applicants, the material presented here is not a dogma, does not pretend to be a "sample" ... This is a trial version of the implementation of the FIPI recommendations ... Please try and write your own versions of comments by posting in this Forum article.
Composition of the Unified State Exam according to the text:"A trip to Olepin gave me an unforgettable experience. The morning found me not in bed, not in a hut or a city apartment, but under a haystack on the banks of the Koloksha River ..."(according to V.A.Soloukhin).
Full text
(1.) Among the many shameful things I have done in my life, one is most memorable to me. (2) In the orphanage, there was a loudspeaker in the corridor, and once a voice was heard in it, which was unlike anyone else's, something that annoyed me - most likely just the dissimilarity. (3) "Ha ... Yelling like a stallion!" - I said and pulled out the loudspeaker plug from the socket. (4) The singer's voice broke off. (5) The children reacted sympathetically to my act, since I was the most melodious and reading person in my childhood. (6) ... Many years later in Essentuki, in a spacious summer hall, I listened to a symphony concert. (7) All the musicians of the Crimean orchestra who have seen and survived in their lifetime with the glorious, ant-like, young conductor Zinaida Tykach patiently explained to the public what and why they would play, when, by whom and on what occasion this or that piece of music was written. (8) They did it, as it were, with an apology for their intrusion into such an oversaturated with spiritual values life of citizens receiving treatment and just fattening at the resort, and the concert began with a dashing Strauss overture in order to prepare listeners overworked by culture for the second, more serious department. (9) But the fabulous Strauss, and the fiery Brahms, and the flirtatious Offenbach did not help - already from the middle of the first part of the concert, listeners who packed into the hall for a musical event just because it was free began to leave the hall. (10) Yes, if they just left him, silently, carefully - no, they left with indignation, shouts, abuse, as if they had deceived them in their best desires and dreams. (11) The chairs in the concert hall are old, Viennese, with round wooden seats, well knit together, and each citizen, having risen from his seat, considered it his duty to indignantly slam the seat. (12) I sat, huddled in myself, listening to the musicians straining to drown out the noise and abuse in the hall, and I wanted to ask forgiveness for all of us from the sweet conductor in a black tailcoat, from the orchestra members who are so hard and persistently earning their honest , poor bread, apologize for all of us and tell how I was in childhood ... (13) But life is not a letter, there is no postscript in it. (14) What if the singer, whom I once insulted with a word, her name - the great Nadezhda Obukhova - became my favorite singer, that I “reformed” and cried more than once listening to her. (15) She, the singer, will never hear my repentance, she will not be able to forgive me. (16) But, already elderly and gray-haired, I shudder from every cotton and bryak of a chair in the concert hall ... when the musicians are trying with all their strength, capabilities and talent to convey the suffering of an early suffering short-sighted young man in defenseless round glasses. (17) In his dying symphony, the unfinished song of his aching heart, for more than a century he has stretched out his hands to the audience and pleadingly cries out: “(18) People, help me! (19) Help! .. (20) Well, if you can't help me, at least help yourself! .. "
Do we love the native places where we spent our childhood? Do we want to once again plunge into the atmosphere of childhood? And you can immediately answer in the affirmative: "It seems so!". V.A. Soloukhin in his article.
Olepin's trip gave him an unforgettable experience. Such sensations he experienced on fishing and never again in his life did he experience them. The author writes that such a night cannot but charm: “… if it doesn’t, it means that the person himself is to blame”. To speak this way, you need to love your homeland, your native places so much, and not only love, but also be able to see this beauty.
The position of the author is clearly expressed in the content of the entire text. Only a person who strongly feels the beauty of nature can describe the state in which the author was. The author writes about how important childhood experiences are, because they preserve a joyful perception of the world, they are the brightest and most unforgettable.
I completely agree with the author of the article. Everything that surrounds us is full of meaning and meaning, every moment of life is unique. These moments need to be appreciated. And, being in nature, a person learns to sincerely enjoy the world around him. And this world is especially dear to us when we remember it from childhood.
There are many examples in the literature where this problem is raised. In the story of I.S. Turgenev's "Bezhin meadow" a huge place is occupied by descriptions of nature. We see with what great love the author describes his native places, where he loved to hunt. His entire cycle of stories is combined into one large book "Hunter's Notes". Here the author pays great attention to the description of the surrounding nature. Only a person who infinitely loves nature can feel and describe it so subtly. And the beauty of nature could not fail to charm Turgenev, who did not in the least doubt its greatness.
Also in the novel "War and Peace" L.N. Tolstoy, through the eyes of Andrei Bolkonsky, describes the extraordinary beauty of a decayed oak. We see how exactly the hero feels the nature, everything that surrounds him. How strongly the oak influenced the hero. Prince Andrey seems to be telling himself that life at 31 is not over yet!
And the writer Solokhuin is right that this problem is very important, that man depends on nature, on the world around him. After all, human life is unthinkable without nature.
Each of us, somewhere in the corner of our memory, has preserved the imprints of a joyful perception of the world, which once formed and continue to form bright memories.
In this text V.A. Soloukhin raises the problem of perception of the surrounding world.
The narrator immerses us in the world of our own memories, in a "wonderful land" in which every detail has its own extraterrestrial, extraordinary radiance, and, which is very important, a unique meaning. The author describes his trip to Olepin, namely the "marvelous scarlet country" from his own memories, and through the prism of his worldview acquaints the reader with the beauty of this place, describing every detail of the landscape, enveloped in a veil of "dazzling morning glitter". The narrator draws our attention to the fact that the place “where the Chernaya river meets the Koloksha river” is one of his most vivid memories and compares it to a wonderful country “where you get to by the only power of fairy magic”.
The author believes that every moment of our life is unique, and everything that surrounds us is filled with meaning and meaning - especially reminiscences from childhood. Therefore, it is very important to appreciate every moment of these memories, because a person who has lost even the brightest and brightest moments from his own memory is “the poorest person on earth”.
I completely agree with the opinion of Vladimir Alekseevich and also believe that everything in a person's life is unique - feelings, emotions, and the onset of a new day. To perceive the world as something bright, rich, beautiful means to keep in your memory and in your soul the warmth of the past moments, which can warm a person even in the coldest period of life.
Yuri Nagibin also turns us to the problem of perception of the surrounding world in his story "Winter Oak". The main character, Savushkin, knew how to feel the beauty of the world around him, namely the winter forest, perceived the elements of nature as something alive, able to feel and kept all this in his memory. The boy's teacher, unfortunately, was no longer capable of such a perception of the world around her, however, having got into this marvelous, fabulous winter forest, which was so dear to Savushkin, she understood why the student believes that the Winter Oak is an animated object, like and the whole forest surrounding it. It's just that the little boy was still able to see and feel the magic in every detail of the "fairyland" that surrounded him, and even managed to awaken something similar in his teacher.
In the epic novel by L.N. Tolstoy's War and Peace, the author shows that even after living for many years, a person is still able to take a fresh look at the world around him. Andrei Bolkonsky is one of the few who were able to keep in their memories vivid and significant details of the world around them, and some of them were able to completely change the hero's worldview. So, in the memory of the commander, an oak remained a vivid imprint - a symbol of the psychological state of the commander himself, who turned the consciousness of the protagonist, made him perceive the world around him and life in a new way, and remained a bright and bright spot in the memory of Andrei Bolkonsky.
Thus, we can conclude that in human life everything is unique, each memory plays its role, and any detail in the nature around us has its own meaning.
